{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T10:52:00Z","timestamp":1770115920810,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eccentric resistance training is a promising strategy for achieving physiological\n                    benefits at lower cardiovascular and metabolic costs compared to traditional\n                    concentric training. Whereas lower-body eccentric training has been studied\n                    extensively, only little is known regarding upper-body eccentric strength\n                    training. This study assessed the impact of an eccentric arm-crank training on\n                    arm muscle volume. A total of 20 eccentric arm-crank training sessions were\n                    completed over a maximum of 12 weeks (2\u20133 trainings\/wk). A training progression\n                    from 20 to 50% of the individual peak power and a duration from 8 to 14 minutes\n                    was applied. Before (\u201cpretest\u201d) and after the training intervention phase\n                    (\u201cposttest\u201d), volume measurements using magnetic resonance imaging and\n                    circumference measurements of the upper arm were performed. Differences between\n                    pretest and posttest measurements were evaluated. Twelve healthy and physically\n                    active participants (median [Q1\u2013Q3] age 28 [27\u201330] yr, nine females, three\n                    males) were included in the analysis. Relative muscle volume (+5.7%,\n                    p=0.002) and arm circumference (+3.2%, p=0.003) increased after\n                    the training intervention. Twenty eccentric arm-crank training sessions\n                    increased the muscle volume of the upper arm. Because eccentric training is\n                    associated with lower cardiovascular and metabolic demands, it is an attractive\n                    approach to improve upper-body strength. This training approach is especially\n                    interesting for individuals who rely on their upper body for daily activities,\n                    including wheelchair users. In the next step, the training protocol could be\n                    evaluated in this population across both rehabilitation and athletic\n                    settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2688-7592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T23:32:22Z","timestamp":1758238342000},"page":"139-144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Muscle Volume Gain Following 20 Training Sessions on an Eccentric\n                    Arm-Crank Ergometer"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"47","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct05156411","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Leonie","family":"Pfrunder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Swiss Paraplegic Centre,\n                    Nottwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Vallesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging Research, Swiss Paraplegic Research,\n                    Nottwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4337-3865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anneke","family":"Hertig-Godeschalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro-Musculoskeletal Functioning and Mobility, Swiss\n                    Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe Angelo","family":"Zito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging Research, Swiss Paraplegic Research,\n                    Nottwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajeev Kumar","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Swiss Paraplegic Centre,\n                    Nottwil, Switzerland"},{"name":"Advanced Imaging Research, Swiss Paraplegic Research,\n                    Nottwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3953-589X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Perret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuro-Musculoskeletal Functioning and Mobility, Swiss\n                    Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of\n                    Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0107-3036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian","family":"Ammann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Medicine, Swiss Paraplegic Centre,\n                    Nottwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-0862-z","article-title":"The Importance of Muscular Strength: Training Considerations","volume":"48","author":"T J Suchomel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-016-0628-4","article-title":"Chronic Adaptations to Eccentric Training: A Systematic Review","volume":"47","author":"J Douglas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00447","article-title":"Skeletal Muscle Remodeling in Response to Eccentric vs. Concentric Loading:\n                    Morphological, Molecular, and Metabolic Adaptations","volume":"8","author":"M V Franchi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front 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variables? A\n                    provocative review","volume":"30","author":"C Reggiani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Transl Myol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12874","article-title":"Skeletal muscle estimation: A review of techniques and their applications","volume":"44","author":"C Rodriguez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Physiol Funct Imaging"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2012.10.009","article-title":"Validity and reliability of tools to measure muscle mass, strength, and physical\n                    performance in community-dwelling older people: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"D M Mijnarends","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01120.2013","article-title":"The validity of anthropometric leg muscle volume estimation across a wide\n                    spectrum: from able-bodied adults to individuals with a spinal cord injury","volume":"116","author":"G Layec","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2016.03.001","article-title":"Muscle analysis using pQCT, DXA and MRI","volume":"85","author":"M C Erlandson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Sports Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2688-7592.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T23:31:16Z","timestamp":1770075076000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2688-7592"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2688-7592","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0172-4622","1439-3964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0172-4622","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3964","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]}}}