{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T10:15:56Z","timestamp":1764324956778,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The present study\u2019s aims were to investigate fecal panleukopenia virus (FPV)\n                        DNA shedding in cats from breeding catteries and to identify factors\n                        associated with shedding, including the presence of diarrhea.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>239 cats out of 40 catteries were included. Information on catteries and cats\n                        were obtained by a breeders\u2019 questionnaire. Fecal samples of the cats were\n                        classified with the Purina fecal score and analyzed for FPV DNA by\n                        quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Other gastrointestinal\n                        microorganisms were assessed by qPCR\/RT-qPCR and fecal flotation.\n                        Information on the catteries, cats, and results of fecal sample analyses\n                        were statistically analyzed to determine factors that were associated with\n                        fecal FPV DNA shedding by Fisher\u2019s exact test; p-values &lt;0.05 were\n                        considered significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Six of 239 cats (2.5%) shed FPV DNA with feces. Cycle threshold values of\n                        qPCR ranged from 24\u201337. All FPV DNA-positive cats were coinfected (with\n                        either Clostridium spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia\n                        spp. and\/or feline coronavirus). Fecal consistency of 3\/6 FPV DNA-positive\n                        samples was diarrheic, and fecal FPV DNA shedding was significantly\n                        associated with diarrheic feces (p= 0.015; OR: 9.9, CI95%:\n                        1.2\u201378.7). No other factors significantly influenced FPV DNA shedding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Fecal FPV DNA shedding was rarely observed among healthy cats from breeding\n                        catteries but maintaining proper vaccination programs against panleukopenia\n                        is crucial. Since FPV DNA shedding was linked to a higher likelihood of\n                        diarrheic feces, mild diarrhea in otherwise healthy cats should not be\n                        neglected and raise awareness about a potential risk of FPV within the\n                        cattery or other multi-cat environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2694-0145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T22:34:36Z","timestamp":1760567676000},"page":"280-287","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shedding of feline panleukopenia virus DNA in cats in breeding\n                    catteries"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Mich\u00e8le","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU\n                    Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ute","family":"Klein-Richers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU\n                    Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yury","family":"Zablotski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU\n                    Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU\n                    Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.3390\/v14061248","article-title":"Feline panleukopenia outbreaks and risk factors in cats in animal shelters","volume":"14","author":"T Rehme","year":"2022","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.104661","article-title":"Faecal shedding of parvovirus deoxyribonucleic acid following modified live\n                    feline panleucopenia virus vaccination in healthy cats","volume":"185","author":"M Bergmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.12.024","article-title":"Canine parvovirus in asymptomatic feline carriers","volume":"157","author":"S R Clegg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1999.tb02447.x","article-title":"Isolation of feline parvovirus from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cats\n                    in northern Vietnam","volume":"43","author":"T Miyazawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(18)34717-9","article-title":"Feline panleucopaenia virus: III.-Some properties compared to a feline herpes\n                    virus","volume":"7","author":"R H Johnson","year":"1966","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.84.13.338","article-title":"Feline panleucopaenia","volume":"84","author":"R H Johnson","year":"1969","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2008.03.008","article-title":"Parvovirus infection in domestic companion animals","volume":"38","author":"C G Lamm","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1999.tb01564.x","article-title":"Mink enteritis parvovirus. Stability of virus kept under outdoor conditions","volume":"107","author":"A Uttenthal","year":"1999","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"80","volume-title":"Feline Parvovirus Infection; Feline Enteric Viral Infections. In: Greene CE, ed.\n                    Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 4th revised ed","author":"C E Greene","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0604.x","article-title":"Prognostic factors in cats with feline panleukopenia","volume":"24","author":"B D Kruse","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"183","volume-title":"Feline Panleukopenia. In: Miller LA and KF H, eds. Infectious Disease Management\n                    in Animal Shelters. 1st ed","author":"H Tuzio","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2019.02.006","article-title":"Feline Panleukopenia: A re-emergent disease","volume":"49","author":"V R Barrs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13497738","article-title":"Case series of feline panleukopenia virus in an animal shelter","volume":"16","author":"A Litster","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Feline Med Surg"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.2.188","article-title":"Survival estimates and outcome predictors for shelter cats with feline\n                    panleukopenia virus infection","volume":"253","author":"F Porporato","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.3390\/v11121155","article-title":"Distinct lineages of feline parvovirus associated with epizootic outbreaks in\n                    Australia, New Zealand and the United Arab Emirates","volume":"11","author":"K Van Brussel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2018.08.005","article-title":"Shelter-housed cats show no evidence of faecal shedding of canine parvovirus\n                    DNA","volume":"239","author":"P Byrne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2021.109204","article-title":"Canine parvovirus is shed infrequently by cats without diarrhoea in multi-cat\n                    environments","volume":"261","author":"M Carrai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet 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Surg"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.3390\/v14050858","article-title":"Role of feline coronavirus as contributor to diarrhea in cats from breeding\n                    catteries","volume":"14","author":"S Felten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.3390\/v12091000","article-title":"Prevalence of feline coronavirus shedding in German catteries and associated\n                    risk factors","volume":"12","author":"U Klein-Richers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.3390\/v15061279","article-title":"Patterns of feline coronavirus shedding and associated factors in cats from\n                    breeding catteries","volume":"15","author":"S Felten","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2014.05.020","article-title":"Infectious diseases in large-scale cat hoarding investigations","volume":"201","author":"K C Polak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.2307\/2331986","article-title":"The use of confidence or fiducial limits illustrated in the case of the\n                    binomial","volume":"26","author":"C J Clopper","year":"1934","journal-title":"Biometrika."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12060822","article-title":"Feline Parvovirus Lethal Outbreak in a Group of Adult Cohabiting Domestic\n                    Cats","volume":"12","author":"M I Pacini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.1998.0298","article-title":"Hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia in two kittens attributed to\n                    intrauterine parvovirus infection","volume":"121","author":"N J Sharp","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X221118760","article-title":"Reproductive management in catteries: optimising health and wellbeing through\n                    veterinarian-breeder collaboration","volume":"24","author":"S Goericke-Pesch","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Feline Med Surg"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13718","article-title":"2024 guidelines for the vaccination of dogs and cats \u2013 compiled by the\n                    Vaccination Guidelines Group (VGG) of the World Small Animal Veterinary\n                    Association (WSAVA)","volume":"65","author":"R A Squires","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-8-62","article-title":"Vaccination against Feline Panleukopenia: implications from a field study in\n                    kittens","volume":"8","author":"V Jakel","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2952","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14646","article-title":"The enteric virome of cats with feline panleukopenia differs in abundance and\n                    diversity from healthy cats","volume":"69","author":"K Van Brussel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"}],"container-title":["Tier\u00e4rztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere \/ Heimtiere"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2694-0145.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T10:12:45Z","timestamp":1764324765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2694-0145"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2694-0145","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-1239","2567-5842"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1434-1239"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2567-5842"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}}}