{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T14:55:29Z","timestamp":1793199329349,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to develop predictive equations for unilateral (1-leg)\n                    half-squat exercise loads that would elicit equivalent neuromuscular activation,\n                    velocity, and force outputs as bilateral (2-leg) half-squat exercise loads.\n                    Twelve male soccer players (age 22.9\u00b11.8 y, stature 1.8\u00b10.1 m, and body mass\n                    76.5\u00b16.2 kg) performed both 1-leg and 2-leg half-squats using a Smith-machine.\n                    Surface electromyography of vastus lateralis and vastus medialis, barbell\n                    velocity and force outputs were measured across incremental loads. Linear\n                    regression analyses were conducted to develop predictive equations for 1-leg\n                    loads that would match 2-leg exercise outcomes. Three predictive equations were\n                    developed: (1) Equivalent muscle activation: 1-leg external load=50% of 2-leg\n                    external load \u20132 kg (r=0.923\u20130.997, p&lt;0.05). (2) Equivalent barbell\n                    velocity: 1-leg external-load=71% of 2-leg external load \u201317.6 kg (r=\n                    \u20130.916 to 0.994, p&lt;0.05). (3) Equivalent force-output: 1-leg external\n                    load=41% of 2-leg external load \u2013 28 kg (r=0.937\u20130.998, p&lt;0.05). This\n                    preliminary investigation provides initial predictive equations for equating\n                    unilateral and bilateral half-squat exercises, though validation on independent\n                    populations remains necessary. These tools enable practitioners to estimate\n                    equivalent loads between exercise modalities using a single one-repetition\n                    maximum assessment, facilitating targeted training and rehabilitation program\n                    development through accurate load prescription and performance comparisons.\n                    Further research is needed to validate these equations on large population and\n                    in different sports.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2719-7934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:03:12Z","timestamp":1764028992000},"page":"364-371","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Equating Unilateral and Bilateral Half-Squat Loads: Neuromuscular and\n                    Kinetic Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7144-7403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gian Mario","family":"Migliaccio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San\n                    Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4547-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enzo","family":"Iuliano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University,\n                    Novedrate, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3478-7692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Picerno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering, University of Sassari, Sassari,\n                    Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1902-4830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Russo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University,\n                    Novedrate, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6221-546X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wissem","family":"Dhahbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit: Sport Sciences, Health and Movement, High Institute of\n                    Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef,\n                    Tunisia\ufeff"},{"name":"Training Department, Police College, Qatar Police Academy, Doha,\n                    Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4254-3105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johnny","family":"Padulo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Universit\u00e0\n                    degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4370-2446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Drazen","family":"Cular","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split,\n                    Croatia"},{"name":"Einstein, Startup for Research, Development, Education, Trade and\n                    Services, Split, Croatia\ufeff"},{"name":"European Institute for Talents, Education, Research & Development,\n                    Split, Croatia\ufeff"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5302-7192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Goran","family":"Kuvacic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split,\n                    Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5171-7026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghazi","family":"Racil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Institute of Sport and\n                    Physical Education of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia"},{"name":"Research Unit (LR 23JS01) \u201cSport Performance, Health & Society\u201d\n                    Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, Tunis,\n                    Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1176-1706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Ene-Voiculescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Ovidius University of\n                    Constanta, Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22797","article-title":"The impact of resistance-based training programs on throwing performance and\n                    throwing-related injuries in baseball players: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"H Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsc.12042","article-title":"The effects of squat 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