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More recently, however, data have emerged highlighting the involvement of adaptive immune cells in this process. In this review, we discuss the role of adaptive immune cells in clot formation and resolution, and explore how the adaptive immune system modulates procoagulant activity in autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and graft versus host disease; allergic disorders, such as dermatitis and asthma; infectious diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); and ischemic conditions such as myocardial infarction and stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2722-7189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T23:48:15Z","timestamp":1763077695000},"page":"667-682","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Adaptive Immunity in Immunothrombosis"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Noone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre of Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger J.S.","family":"Preston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre of Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3903-9389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Leon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Centre of Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20220208","article-title":"Dysregulated haemostasis in thrombo-inflammatory 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