{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T15:22:24Z","timestamp":1785165744616,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The purpose of the present study was to compare the muscle-to-bone ratio in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I female athletes (n=387) to those in age-matched controls (n=209). In addition, we examined the muscle-to-bone ratio in low and high impact sports. Total and regional lean soft tissue, fat mass, and bone mineral content were determined by dual X-ray absorptiometry. The muscle-to-bone ratio was calculated by dividing lean soft tissue by bone mineral content. Athletes were categorized by sports: basketball (n=66), cross-country (n=49), diving (n=17), soccer (n=69), softball (n=71), swimming (n=93), and volleyball (n=22). There were significant differences between controls and athletes for total lean soft tissue, fat mass, and bone mineral content. When the total muscle-to-bone ratio in athletes was compared to that in controls, there were no significant differences; however, there were significant differences in the regional muscle-to-bone ratio. Low impact sports (i.e., diving and swimming) had significantly higher total and regional muscle-to-bone ratios than high impact sports (i.e., cross-country, basketball, volleyball, softball, and soccer). The differences identified between sports in total and regional muscle-to-bone ratios may be a result of sport-specific impact and mechanical strain affecting the balance between the muscle and the bone. This study provides insights into how training-induced body composition impacts the balance between the tissues in female athletes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2731-3735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T00:00:47Z","timestamp":1765584047000},"page":"206-211","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Muscle-to-Bone Ratio in Collegiate Female Athletes in Low and High Impact Sports"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Donald R.","family":"Dengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States"},{"name":"Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William T.","family":"Juckett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip R.","family":"Stanforth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin Dell Seton Medical Center, Austin, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5616-5857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Evanoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092190104","article-title":"Bone \u201cmass\u201d and the \u201cmechanostat\u201d. 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