{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T22:47:17Z","timestamp":1776725237452,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Purpose To evaluate the development of operating time (OT) and effective phacoemulsification time (EPT) in cataract surgery performed by a novice cataract surgeon, comparing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) with conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (CPCS). A subgroup analysis based on nucleus cataract grading (WHO grading system) and chronological surgical experience (quartiles) was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the first 426 cataract surgeries, comprising 95 FLACS and 331 CPCS. Each cohort was divided into four chronological quartiles to assess the learning curve. Outcomes were analysed according to nucleus cataract grades 0\u200a\u2013\u200a3 and 9. The primary endpoints were OT and EPT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results Both techniques demonstrated significant improvement in operating efficiency over time. In the FLACS group; the median OT decreased from 23\u2009min in the first quartile to 15\u2009min in the fourth quartile. Median EPT concurrently decreased from 2.2\u2009s to 0.6\u2009s. In the CPCS group, the median OT improved from 26\u2009min to 15\u2009min, while median EPT declined from 7.0\u2009s to 1.6\u2009s across quartiles. In subgroup analyses of nucleus grades 1 and 2, OT and EPT tended to converge between FLACS and CPCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion Both FLACS and CPCS demonstrated a reduction in overall OT and EPT with growing surgeon experience, reflecting a clear learning curve. While the FLACS group maintained consistently lower EPT throughout, the difference in OT diminished over time and was no longer present in the final quartile. The number of FLACS cases was significantly lower, yet a comparable learning curve was observed\u2013likely because cases from both groups occurred during the same time period, with substantial overlap between the two surgical techniques. In particular, the significantly shorter phaco time in the FLACS group in the first quartile indicates that the FLACS technique may help to reduce the surgical stress on the ocular structures of the eye, especially in the early phase of the training.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2737-8567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T22:34:26Z","timestamp":1776724466000},"page":"322-326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Learning Curve Differences in a Novice Cataract Surgeon: Comparing Femtosecond Laser-assisted and Conventional Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"243","author":[{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Branger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Fritsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying-Yu Melody","family":"Hedinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Bochmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.09.017","article-title":"Impact of crystalline lens opacification on effective phacoemulsification time in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery","volume":"157","author":"W J Mayer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27569","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-13174-1","article-title":"Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"15","author":"S H Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0284181","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0284181","article-title":"Comparison of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery and conventional phacoemulsification on corneal impact: A meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"18","author":"H Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.9.1215","article-title":"The resident surgeon phacoemulsification learning curve","volume":"125","author":"J B Randleman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4065","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S283754","article-title":"Operative Time and Complication Rates of Resident Phacoemulsification Surgeries in a National University Hospital: A Five-Year Review","volume":"14","author":"M IN Umali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1076\/opep.9.2.83.1523","article-title":"A simplified cataract grading system","volume":"9","author":"B Thylefors","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000001425","article-title":"Comparative study of FLACS vs. conventional phacoemulsification for cataract patients with high myopia","volume":"50","author":"L Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13123","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13123","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification for cataract: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"5","author":"X Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"1811","article-title":"Comparison of intraoperative time using Femtosecond Laser Assisted Cataract Surgery (FLACS) versus conventional phacoemulsification","volume":"58","author":"S AS Karim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0693-6","article-title":"Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in a public teaching hospital setting","volume":"18","author":"A Vasquez-Perez","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1804_23","article-title":"Comparison of clinical outcomes between femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification in vitrectomized eyes \u2013 A prospective interventional study","volume":"72","author":"M I Asif","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Klinische Monatsbl\u00e4tter f\u00fcr Augenheilkunde"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2737-8567.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T22:35:03Z","timestamp":1776724503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2737-8567"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2737-8567","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-2165","1439-3999"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-2165","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3999","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}}}