{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T22:58:38Z","timestamp":1774911518906,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Z Orthop Unfall"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Non-specific back pain is of great importance in health economics, due to its high\n\t\t\t\timpact on the ability to work and the need for rehabilitation. The effectiveness of\n\t\t\t\torthoses in patients with low back pain is unclear, as these studies have\n\t\t\t\theterogenous designs and methodological weaknesses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this work is to formulate evidence-based recommendations for the use of\n\t\t\t\torthoses in patients with low back pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA protocol (Preferred\n\t\t\t\tReporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) at PubMed, ScienceDirect,\n\t\t\t\tCochrane and Google Scholar. The risk of bias in the studies was assessed using the\n\t\t\t\tCochrane risk of bias tool, version 2 (RoB2), for randomised studies and risk of\n\t\t\t\tbias in non-randomised studies of interventions tool (ROBINS-I) for non-randomised\n\t\t\t\tstudies. The level of evidence was determined according to the Agency for Health\n\t\t\t\tCare Policy and Research (AHCPR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>21 studies were included. The study design and level of evidence were distributed\n\t\t\t\tas follows: 20 RCTs and 1 non-RCT, as well as 14 Ib, 6 IIb, and 1 III according to\n\t\t\t\tthe AHCPR. As regards the risk of bias, 9 studies showed a severe risk, 8 moderate\n\t\t\t\trisk, and 4 low risk in at least one subdomain. Treatment with orthoses was\n\t\t\t\tinvestigated in 3 studies for acute non-specific back pain and in 12 studies for\n\t\t\t\tchronic back pain. The recorded endpoints were pain reduction, effects on balance,\n\t\t\t\tcompliance, daily and workplace activities, and imaging. A comparative analysis of\n\t\t\t\torthosis types was conducted in 5 studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Treatment of non-specific low back pain with thoracolumbar orthoses results in a\n\t\t\t\tsignificant reduction in pain, although the exact effect size remains unclear.\n\t\t\t\tHowever, based on the available and analysed studies, no general evidence-based\n\t\t\t\trecommendation for the use of thoracolumbar orthoses for non-specific low back pain\n\t\t\t\tcan be formulated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2744-0293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:01:32Z","timestamp":1768867292000},"page":"126-135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Orthoses in the Treatment of Non-Specific Back Pain \u2013 A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"164","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1079-9843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Fitzgerald","family":"Tipton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Orthop\u00e4die und Unfallchirurgie, Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Handchirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Westerstede, Westerstede, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5715-9210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsinstitut f\u00fcr Physikalische Medizin und Allgemeine Rehabilitation, Universit\u00e4tsklinik Salzburg LKH, Paracelsus Medizinische Universit\u00e4t, Salzburg, \u00d6sterreich"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0199-0283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp Georg","family":"Schnadthorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zentrale Notaufnahme, Klinik f\u00fcr An\u00e4sthesie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2017.0883","article-title":"Non-Specific Low Back Pain","volume":"114","author":"JF Chenot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31819577dc","article-title":"Effectiveness of a Lumbar Belt in Subacute Low Back Pain","volume":"34","author":"P Calmels","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1080\/1355297X.2002.11736171","article-title":"The Effectiveness Of Flexible and Rigid Supports in Patients with Lumbar\n\t\t\t\t\tBackache","volume":"24","author":"JN Alastair Gibson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Orthopaedic Medicine"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5964.161","article-title":"Manipulation in Treatment of Low Back Pain: A Multicentre Study","volume":"2","author":"DML Doran","year":"1975","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"903","article-title":"Pain relieving effect of thermoplastic lumbosacral orthosis with\n\t\t\t\t\tadjustable posterior pad in chronic non-specific low back pain","volume":"13","author":"Y Salekzamani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran Red Crescent Med J"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.25646\/7854","article-title":"Pr\u00e4valenz von R\u00fccken- und Nackenschmerzen in Deutschland. 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