{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:03:44Z","timestamp":1772150624936,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Padiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pneumologische Probleme sind bei Kindern mit Down-Syndrom\/Trisomie 21 neben\n                    anderen gesundheitlichen Aspekten h\u00e4ufig, aber zu wenig beachtet. Das Ziel\n                    dieses Reviews ist es, diese Aspekte f\u00fcr den Kinderpneumologen zusammenzufassen.\n                    Enge Naseng\u00e4nge, ein schmaler Pharynx und Larynx bedingen zusammen mit der\n                    relativen Makroglossie und anderen Fehlbildungen der Atemwege sowie der\n                    generalisierten muskul\u00e4ren Hypotonie eine Glossoptose, die bereits bei sehr\n                    kleinen S\u00e4uglingen ein obstruktives Schlafapnoe-Syndrom hervorrufen kann,\n                    welches unbehandelt mit schlechter kognitiver Entwicklung assoziiert ist. Die\n                    Kinder leiden weiterhin h\u00e4ufig an einer chronischen Rhinitis. Zusammen mit\n                    stillen Aspirationen im Rahmen der typischen Dysphagie von Kindern mit Trisomie\n                    21 und einer Immundysregulation sind untere Atemwegsinfektionen h\u00e4ufig und\n                    verlaufen oft schwer. Virusinfektionen (z. B. durch RSV, Influenzaviren und\n                    SARS-CoV-2) verlaufen schwerer, f\u00fchren h\u00e4ufiger zu Hospitalisierungen und haben\n                    eine h\u00f6here Mortalit\u00e4t als bei gesunden Kindern. Kinder mit Down-Syndrom\n                    entwickeln h\u00e4ufiger rezidivierende obstruktive Bronchitiden. Eine pulmonale\n                    Hypertension kann bei diesen Kindern selten auch ohne assoziiertes Vitium cordis\n                    auftreten. In diesem Beitrag werden f\u00fcr den Kinderpneumologen die Aufgaben in\n                    Diagnostik und Therapie von pneumologischen Problemen von Kindern mit\n                    Down-Syndrom im Zusammenspiel mit anderen Fachdisziplinen zusammengefasst.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2748-4649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T23:58:11Z","timestamp":1765497491000},"page":"59-64","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Kinderpneumologische Aspekte bei der Betreuung von Kindern mit\n                    Down-Syndrom"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"238","author":[{"given":"Hans","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sektion Neonatologie und p\u00e4d. Intensivmedizin, Kinder- und\n                    Jugendklinik, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t,\n                    Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Gunst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P\u00e4d. Pneumologie, Kinder- und Jugendklinik, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum\n                    Freiburg, Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg, Freiburg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Wendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr P\u00e4diatrie mit Schwerpunkt Pneumologie, Immunologie und\n                    Intensivmedizin, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P\u00e4diatrische Pneumologie, Darmst\u00e4dter Kinderkliniken Prinzessin\n                    Margaret, Darmstadt, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth Margarethe","family":"Grychtol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr P\u00e4diatrische Pneumologie, Allergologie und Neonatologie,\n                    Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dejan","family":"Vlajnic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder und Jugendliche, Klinikum Leverkusen, Leverkusen,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorit","family":"Aschmann-Muehlhans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P\u00e4d. Pneumologie und Schlafmedizin, Kinderkrankenhaus St. Marien,\n                    Landshut, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Wuerfel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik und Poliklinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Medizinische\n                    Fakult\u00e4t und Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universit\u00e4t\n                    Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathis","family":"Steindor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung f\u00fcr P\u00e4diatrische Pneumologie und Allergologie, Klinik f\u00fcr\n                    Allgemeine P\u00e4diatrie, Neonatologie und Kinderkardiologie, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum\n                    D\u00fcsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svea","family":"Muehlberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinder-Reha Schweiz Affoltern, Universit\u00e4ts-Kinderspital Z\u00fcrich,\n                    Affoltern am Albis, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Stehling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P\u00e4diatrische Pneumologie, Klinik f\u00fcr Kinderheilkunde III,\n                    Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Essen, Universit\u00e4t Duisburg-Essen, Essen,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1007\/s15014-020-3657-2","article-title":"Bestandsaufnahme gut 150 Jahre nach der Erstbeschreibung","volume":"33","author":"T 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