{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T23:18:05Z","timestamp":1783552685966,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 2020, the Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine refined fetal growth restriction (FGR) diagnostic criteria by temporal (early-, &lt;32 weeks 0 days [320] weeks; late-onset, \u2265320 weeks) and measurement-specific definitions (severe, estimated fetal weight &lt;3rd; mild, estimated fetal weight 3rd\u20139th percentile and\/or abdominal circumference &lt;10th percentile). Using these updated clinical definitions, we sought to determine the association of timing and severity of FGR diagnosis with, and their discriminatory ability for, adverse pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included singleton, non-anomalous pregnancies with sonographic FGR diagnosis at \u2265180 weeks' gestation from May 2020 to December 2021. We evaluated four FGR classification exposure groups: (1) early-onset, severe FGR; (2) early-onset, mild FGR; (3) late-onset, severe FGR; and (4) late-onset, mild FGR. Outcomes assessed were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, and small-for-gestational age. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the odds of each outcome associated with each exposure, adjusted for maternal age, insurance, and parity. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis determined test characteristics for the ability of these FGR classification groups to identify the postnatal outcomes, using late-onset, mild FGR as the reference group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Among 566 eligible pregnancies, early-onset, severe FGR had higher adjusted odds of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (aOR\u2009=\u20091.3, 95% CI: 1.1\u20131.7), preterm birth (aOR\u2009=\u20092.1, 95% CI: 1.6\u20132.6), and small-for-gestational age (aOR\u2009=\u20091.6, 95% CI: 1.3\u20131.9), compared to late-onset, mild FGR. Late-onset, severe FGR also had higher adjusted odds of preterm birth (aOR\u2009=\u20097.2, 95% CI: 2.9\u201318.3) and small-for-gestational age (aOR\u2009=\u20095.8, 95% CI: 2.5\u201313.6). Odds of adverse pregnancy outcomes were similar with early- and late-onset mild FGR. Overall, discriminatory ability of these FGR classification groups for adverse pregnancy outcomes were poor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Early- and late-onset, severe FGR (versus late-onset, mild FGR) are positively associated with, but have poor discriminatory ability for, adverse pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2764-2151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T11:49:01Z","timestamp":1767786541000},"page":"1366-1374","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Timing and Severity of Fetal Growth Restriction Diagnosis and Association with Perinatal Morbidity"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2664-4862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilian N.","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Ahluwalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nkechinyelum Q.","family":"Ogu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sydney L.","family":"Raucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily S.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya R.","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie A.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Maternal nutrition","author":"L Bodnar","year":"2019","edition":"8th ed."},{"issue":"04","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.05.010","article-title":"Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #52: diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction: (Replaces Clinical Guideline Number 3, April 2012)","volume":"223","author":"J G Martins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003070","article-title":"ACOG Practice bulletin no. 204: fetal growth restriction","volume":"133","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Obstetrics and the Society 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