{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T23:00:13Z","timestamp":1785366013809,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"08","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rofo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of hypertrophy induction by portal vein embolization (PVE) using polyvinyl alcohol particles (PVA) and iodinated oil.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Hypertrophy induction after portal vein embolization with PVA particles and iodinated oil was analyzed in 103 patients between August 2009 and June 2023. Technical success, hypertrophy success, and complication rate were evaluated and compared to other common procedures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest single-center study conducted with special regard to this combined embolization technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, a technical success of 99% (n = 102 patients) could be achieved. Following portal vein embolization using PVA particles and iodinated oil, hypertrophy was attained with a hypertrophy success of 99% as well. The determined pre-interventional standardized future liver remnant (sFLR) was 21% and the post-interventional sFLR 29.8%. Within an interval of 31 d, a degree of hypertrophy (DH) of 7.3% and a KGR of 0.22%\/d (approximately 1.51%\/week) were achieved. Complications in the context of portal vein embolization occurred within 16.5% (n = 17) of all patients. Nine patients were affected by minor complications. Major complications were documented in eight patients. Mortality directly related to portal vein embolization was 0%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Embolization using PVA particles and iodinated oil is a safe and promising method for inducing hypertrophy in locally advanced liver disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2781-8813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:27:29Z","timestamp":1772152049000},"page":"1058-1067","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Hypertrophy Induction by Portal Vein Embolization with PVA Particles and Iodinated Oil: A Single Center Study with 103 Patients"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Johanna","family":"Schlei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, BY, Germany","place":["W\u00fcrzburg"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Westphale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, BY, Germany","place":["W\u00fcrzburg"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Thurner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, BY, Germany","place":["W\u00fcrzburg"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Bley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, BY, Germany","place":["W\u00fcrzburg"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Kickuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital W\u00fcrzburg, BY, Germany","place":["W\u00fcrzburg"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.50371","article-title":"Preoperative portal vein embolization for liver resection: An updated meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Y Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01655244","article-title":"Preoperative portal vein embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"10","author":"H Kinoshita","year":"1986","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"521","article-title":"Preoperative portal embolization to increase safety of major hepatectomy for hilar bile duct carcinoma: A preliminary report","volume":"107","author":"M Makuuchi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2016.05.023","article-title":"Comparison of Clinical Outcomes following Glue versus Polyvinyl Alcohol Portal Vein Embolization for Hypertrophy of the Future Liver Remnant prior to Right Hepatectomy","volume":"27","author":"A Jaberi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021204055","article-title":"BestFLR trial: Liver regeneration at CT before major hepatectomies for liver cancer \u2013 A randomized controlled trial comparing portal vein embolization with N-butyl-cyanoacrylate plus iodized oil versus polyvinyl alcohol particles plus coils","volume":"299","author":"JH Mendes Luz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-013-0565-7","article-title":"Portal vein embolization before right hepatectomy: Improved results using n-butyl-cyanoacrylate compared to microparticles plus coils","volume":"36","author":"B Guiu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-013-2369-0","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Portal Vein Embolization Before Planned Major or Extended Hepatectomy: An Institutional Experience of 358 Patients","volume":"18","author":"J Shindoh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/13645706.2019.1582067","article-title":"Future liver remnant growth after various portal vein embolization regimens: a quantitative comparison","volume":"29","author":"L Biggemann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-009-9737-x","article-title":"Quality improvement for portal vein embolization","volume":"33","author":"A Denys","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.1000-9604.2014.07.04","article-title":"Embolization of symptomatic renal angiomyolipoma with a mixture of lipiodol and pva, a mid-term result","volume":"26","author":"Q Huang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin J Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2002.31654","article-title":"Body surface area and body weight predict total liver volume in western adults","volume":"8","author":"JN Vauthey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2000.105294","article-title":"Standardized measurement of the future liver remnant prior to extended liver resection: Methodology and clinical associations","volume":"127","author":"JN Vauthey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2012.10.018","article-title":"Kinetic growth rate after portal vein embolization predicts posthepatectomy outcomes: Toward zero liver-related mortality in patients with colorectal liver metastases and small future liver remnant","volume":"216","author":"J Shindoh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-017-5800-z","article-title":"Efficacy of Preoperative Portal Vein Embolization Among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Biliary Tract Cancer, and Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Comparative Study Based on Single-Center Experience of 319 Cases","volume":"24","author":"S Yamashita","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5836","article-title":"Portal vein embolization before major hepatectomy and its effects on regeneration, resectability and outcome","volume":"94","author":"D Ribero","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1053\/j.tvir.2007.08.003","article-title":"Preoperative Portal Vein Embolization: Indications and Technical Considerations","volume":"10","author":"T de Baere","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tech Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvir.2025.10106","article-title":"Portal Vein Embolization: Efficacy, Methodology, and Alternatives","volume":"28","author":"DC Dinh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tech Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2010.06.014","article-title":"Quality improvement guidelines for percutaneous transcatheter embolization: Society of interventional radiology standards of practice committee","volume":"21","author":"JF Angle","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0b013e3182733f09","article-title":"Tumor progression after preoperative portal vein embolization","volume":"256","author":"LT Hoekstra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-020-01960-6","article-title":"Simultaneous portal and hepatic vein embolization before major liver resection","volume":"406","author":"J Heil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-008-1277-2","article-title":"Comparison of four embolic materials for portal vein embolization: Experimental study in pigs","volume":"19","author":"T Baere","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s40644-017-0127-3","article-title":"Portal vein embolization with n-butyl-cyanoacrylate through an ipsilateral approach before major hepatectomy: Single center analysis of 50 consecutive patients","volume":"17","author":"JHM Luz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae.","article-title":"Classification of surgical complications: A new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey","volume":"240","author":"D Dindo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-010-0979-2","article-title":"Predictive factors for hypertrophy of the future remnant liver after selective portal vein embolization","volume":"17","author":"T De Baere","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2013.03.004","article-title":"Analysis of the efficacy of portal vein embolization for patients with extensive liver malignancy and very low future liver remnant volume, including a comparison with the associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy approach","volume":"217","author":"J Shindoh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.4274\/dir.2022.211144","article-title":"Liver regeneration after portal vein embolization: comparison between absolute ethanol and N-butyl-cyanoacrylate in an in vivo rat model","volume":"29","author":"M Maruyama","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-024-03743-8","article-title":"CIRSE STANDARDS OF PRACTICE GUIDELINES CIRSE Standards of Practice on Portal Vein Embolization and Double Vein Embolization\/Liver Venous Deprivation","volume":"47","author":"T Bilhim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2022.101812","article-title":"Liver venous deprivation versus associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy for colo-rectal liver metastases: A comparison of early and late kinetic growth rates, and perioperative and oncological outcomes","volume":"43","author":"G Cassese","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg Oncol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07065-z","article-title":"Study protocol of the HYPER-LIV01 trial: A multicenter phase II, prospective and randomized study comparing simultaneous portal and hepatic vein embolization to portal vein embolization for hypertrophy of the future liver remnant before major hepatectomy for colo-rectal liver metastases","volume":"20","author":"E Deshayes","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"}],"container-title":["R\u00f6Fo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der R\u00f6ntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2781-8813.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T22:41:35Z","timestamp":1785364895000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2781-8813"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"08","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2781-8813","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-9029","1438-9010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-9029","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-9010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]}}}