{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T23:55:20Z","timestamp":1774482920836,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n First-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may exhibit\n metabolic abnormalities and subclinical myocardial dysfunction before the\n onset of overt disease. Left Ventricular Speckle-tracking echocardiography\n (LV-STE) enables early detection of left ventricular impairment, while\n osteogenic biomarkers such as osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, and osteopontin\n have been linked to cardiometabolic risk. This study aimed to evaluate\n myocardial strain parameters and serum osteogenic biomarkers in\n normoglycemic first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes\n mellitus.<\/jats:p>\n We enrolled 160 normoglycemic participants, comprising 80 individuals with at\n least one first-degree relative diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and\n 80 controls without such a family history. Serum osteocalcin, osteopontin,\n and osteoprotegerin levels were measured by ELISA. LV-STE was used to assess\n global longitudinal and circumferential strain from apical four-chamber\n (A4C), two-chamber (A2C), three-chamber (A3C), and short-axis\n basal\/mid\/apical views.<\/jats:p>\n Compared with the control group, the study group presented significantly\n lower mean short-axis basal\/mid\/apical and A4C\/A2C\/A3C strain values. The\n serum osteocalcin level was significantly lower and weakly negatively\n correlated with the fasting plasma glucose level. osteoprotegerin was\n positively correlated with LDL-C. No significant associations were found\n between strain parameters and biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n Normoglycemic first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients\n exhibit early myocardial impairment detectable by LV-STE and reduced\n osteocalcin levels. LV-STE may enhance early risk stratification in this\n population. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the prognostic\n value of osteogenic biomarkers in the progression to type 2 diabetes\n mellitus and cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2790-9134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T23:30:26Z","timestamp":1774481426000},"page":"88-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of subclinical myocardial dysfunction and osteogenic\n biomarkers in normoglycemic individuals with familial predisposition to type 2\n diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"G\u00f6k\u00e7e","family":"E\u011fleno\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Ministry of Health\n Biga State Hospital, Biga, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3055-0455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mert","family":"Uge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Karab\u00fck Provincial\n Directorate of Health, Karab\u00fck, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0130smet","family":"\u00c7ulcuo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Ministry of Health\n \u0130zmir Katip \u00c7elebi University Atat\u00fcrk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir,\n Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u015eaban","family":"Esen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Ministry of Health Tunceli\n State Hospital, Tunceli, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuf","family":"\u00dcz\u00fcm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine and Wellness Clinic,\n \u0130zmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baris Onder","family":"Pamuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ministry of\n Health \u0130zmir Katip \u00c7elebi University Atat\u00fcrk Education and Research Hospital,\n Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huriye","family":"Erbak Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistery, Ministry of Health \u0130zmir\n Katip \u00c7elebi University Atat\u00fcrk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir,\n Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15019","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.19","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"1","author":"R A De Fronzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Disease Primers"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01516-6","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: progress toward personalized\n management","volume":"21","author":"C X Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2017.12.004","article-title":"Effect of parental history of diabetes on markers of inflammation, insulin\n resistance and atherosclerosis in first degree relatives of patients with type 2\n diabetes mellitus","volume":"12","author":"D K 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Care"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4227","DOI":"10.21608\/ejhm.2021.208093","article-title":"Osteopontin as a Marker of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetic\n Patients in Zagazig University","volume":"85","author":"J Saeed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2015.02.014","article-title":"Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes\n mellitus assessed by speckle-tracking echocardiography","volume":"28","author":"H Nakai","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01920","article-title":"Subclinical myocardial energetics and insulin resistance in early metabolic\n disease","volume":"104","author":"J M Haus","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol 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Diabetol"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"516","article-title":"The role of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in diabetes and\n cardiovascular disease","volume":"168","author":"D Tousoulis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"2383","article-title":"Subclinical myocardial energetics and insulin resistance in early metabolic\n syndrome","volume":"104","author":"J M Haus","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"1989","article-title":"The bone\u2013vascular axis in metabolic disease","volume":"60","author":"J M Fern\u00e1ndez-Real","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"303","article-title":"Awareness of familial risk and preventive behaviors among relatives of patients\n with type 2 diabetes","volume":"28","author":"L Claassen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabet Med"}],"container-title":["Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2790-9134.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T23:30:40Z","timestamp":1774481440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2790-9134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2790-9134","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-7349","1439-3646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0947-7349","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}}}