{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T07:36:11Z","timestamp":1785396971761,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study examined how preferences for face-to-face, video, written,\n                        AI-chatbot, and AI-avatar consultations in the context of primary care vary\n                        between routine and emotionally sensitive contexts, how attachment\n                        orientations and trust in the diagnosis contribute to these preferences, and\n                        whether distinct user preference profiles can be identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In an online survey of 934 German adults, participants rated the\n                        appropriateness of five formats across routine and emotionally sensitive\n                        contexts. Predictors included trust in the diagnosis, attachment anxiety and\n                        attachment avoidance, perceived efficiency, gender, and technical resources.\n                        Multilevel models and cluster analysis were applied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Face-to-face was preferred for sensitive consultations, while video and\n                        written formats were acceptable for routine tasks. AI formats were less\n                        accepted overall but judged more appropriate when trust in the diagnosis was\n                        high. Trust in the diagnosis strongly supported acceptance of AI formats,\n                        while perceived efficiency was positively associated with higher acceptance\n                        of video and AI formats . Other predictors had minor effects. Three user\n                        preference profiles emerged: face-to-face-oriented, digital without\n                        AI-oriented, and broadly digital &amp; AI-oriented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Format-dependent trust in the diagnosis outweighed efficiency in predicting\n                        acceptance (especially for AI), and attachment orientations offer an\n                        interpersonal perspective on these patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Digital formats can support routine care, but sensitive consultations require\n                        face-to-face contact. Trust in the diagnosis is important for AI acceptance,\n                        while attachment orientation helps to interpret interpersonal differences.\n                        Patient needs are heterogeneous; services should provide transparent,\n                        efficient, and flexible options without replacing face-to-face care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2791-1642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T01:32:52Z","timestamp":1772242372000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["When Digital Fits and When Human Matters: Attachment, Trust, and User\n                    Profiles in Communication Formats in Primary Care from Face-to-Face to\n                    AI"],"prefix":"10.1055","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Mahal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine,\n                    University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine,\n                    Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlotta Julia","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine,\n                    University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Laboratory for Clinical Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology,\n                    Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Staatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine,\n                    University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine,\n                    University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Ehrenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cologne, Department of Psychology Cologne,\n                    Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Geisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, Department of Medical\n                    Psychology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seraina Petra","family":"Lerch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, University Medicine Greifswald,\n                    Greifswald, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, Department of Medical\n                    Psychology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Ditzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine,\n                    University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine,\n                    Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"Psychological Institute, Dept. of Clinical Biopsychology and\n                    Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_402_23","article-title":"Addressing the challenges of AI-based telemedicine: Best practices and lessons\n                    learned","volume":"338","author":"S Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Educ Health Promot"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65147","DOI":"10.2196\/65147","article-title":"Factors Associated With the Availability of Virtual Consultations in Primary\n                    Care Across 20 Countries: Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"27","author":"G Kerr","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3514234","article-title":"A Scenario-Based Study of Doctors and Patients on Video Conferencing\n                    Appointments 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