{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T22:53:59Z","timestamp":1781823239969,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background Epiretinal membranes are a macular disorder leading to metamorphopsia and a decrease in visual acuity. Peeling of epiretinal membranes is associated with a risk for development of new intraretinal cystoid changes after surgery \u2013 in about 10% of patients. In our study we analyzed the occurrence of new intraretinal cystoid changes after vitrectomy with membrane peeling with respect to prolonged application of steroidal eye drops after surgery, compared to a historical group of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods This retrospective study included patients scheduled for pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling due to an idiopathic epiretinal membrane. All patients underwent prolonged postoperative treatment with steroidal eye drops for 3 months (study group) or 4 weeks (historical group). Patients in the historical group were matched in a 1\u200a:\u200a1 fashion to patients in the study group, using propensity scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results In total, 114 patients were included into the study group and 114 patients were selected from the historical group, according to the matching procedure. New postoperative intraretinal cystoid changes were present in 6% (n\u2009=\u20097) of patients in the study population and in 17% (n\u2009=\u200919) in the historical control group. In comparison with the subgroups of patients without intraretinal cystoid changes before surgery, new postoperative intraretinal cystoid changes developed significantly less often in the study group (p\u2009=\u20090.02, 95% confidence interval: \u2212\u20090.27, \u2212\u20090.02, chi square test). The odds ratio of development of new postoperative intraretinal cystoid changes in the study group, compared to the historical group, was 0.35 (95% confidence interval: 0.14, 0.88). There were no comparable effects of a prolonged treatment with steroidal eye drops with respect to postoperative resorption of preoperative intraretinal cystoid changes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions In this retrospective study, prolonged postoperative steroid eye drop therapy was associated with a lower incidence of newly developed postoperative intraretinal cystoid changes, compared to a historical group of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2798-3269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T22:33:24Z","timestamp":1781822004000},"page":"687-696","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of a Prolonged Postoperative Steroid Regimen on the Incidence of New Intraretinal Cystoid Changes after Vitrectomy and Membrane Peeling for Epiretinal Membranes"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"243","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct06948851","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Christoph","family":"Leisser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandros","family":"Anastassiuou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Palkovits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Findl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(97)30190-0","article-title":"Prevalence and associations of epiretinal membranes. 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Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1992.119","article-title":"Anatomy and pathology of the vitreo-retinal interface","volume":"6","author":"J Sebag","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2004.07.001","article-title":"The role of M\u00fcller cells in fibrocontractive retinal disorders","volume":"24","author":"C Guidry","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"2529","article-title":"Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical changes in retinal pigment epithelium, retinal glia, and fibroblasts in vitreous culture","volume":"31","author":"S A Vinores","year":"1990","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-014-2655-x","article-title":"Cystoid macular edema after pars plana vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane","volume":"253","author":"R Frisina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e439","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13635","article-title":"Risk factors for postoperative intraretinal cystoid changes after peeling of idiopathic epiretinal membranes among patients randomized for balanced salt solution and air.tamponade","volume":"96","author":"C Leisser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"1207","article-title":"Diagnostic Reliability of Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarkers for Postsurgical Success in Visual Acuity in Patients with Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes","volume":"240","author":"C Leisser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-016-3326-x","article-title":"Associations between preoperative OCT parameters and visual outcome 3 months postoperatively in patients undergoing vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane","volume":"254","author":"M P Sheales","year":"2016","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1159\/000498898","article-title":"Effect of Air Tamponade on Postoperative Visual Acuity and Intraretinal Cystoid Changes after Peeling of Idiopathic Epiretinal Membranes in Pseudophakic Patients","volume":"243","author":"C Leisser","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1159\/000512637","article-title":"Effect of Phacoemulsification on Outcomes after Vitrectomy with Membrane Peeling regarding New Intraretinal Cystoid Changes and Transient Macular Edema","volume":"244","author":"C 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Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-024-03429-2","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography biomarkers as outcome predictors to guide dexamethasone implant use in patients with iERM: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"R Luan","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-025-06797-7","article-title":"Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Vitreoretinal Surgery: An Overview of the Literature","volume":"263","author":"G Boscia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-306159","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of dexamethasone implants for post-surgical macular oedema including Irvine-Gass syndrome: the EPISODIC study","volume":"99","author":"D Bellocq","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20160229-05","article-title":"A Comparison of Intraoperative Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant and Triamcinolone Acetonide Used During Vitrectomy and Epiretinal Membrane Peeling: A Case Control Study","volume":"47","author":"Y Yonekawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"575","article-title":"[Optic atrophy subsequent to epiretinal triamcinolone deposits in an eye following inner limiting membrane peeling]","volume":"105","author":"G B Jaissle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20191009-03","article-title":"Erosive Retinopathy and Retinal Detachment From Depot Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection at the End of Pars Plana Vitrectomy","volume":"50","author":"R A Sisk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2011.568031","article-title":"The long-term anatomical and visual effect of intravitreal triamcinolone injection during vitrectomy for the treatment of idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane","volume":"30","author":"C C Lai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cutan Ocul Toxicol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181ac23da","article-title":"Anatomic and functional outcome after 23-gauge vitrectomy, peeling, and intravitreal triamcinolone for idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane","volume":"29","author":"L Konstantinidis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0179105","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179105","article-title":"Vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic epiretinal membrane: A meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"W C Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"S 1","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001906","article-title":"To peel or not to peel the internal limiting membrane in idiopathic epiretinal membranes","volume":"38","author":"A D\u00edaz-Valverde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001263","article-title":"The effect of internal limiting membrane peeling on idiopathic epiretinal membrane surgery, with a review of the literature","volume":"37","author":"S A Schechet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001537","article-title":"Effects of internal limiting membrane peeling combined with removal of idiopathic epiretinal membrane: A Systematic Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis","volume":"37","author":"K Azuma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1610-9479","article-title":"Effect of Air Tamponade among Patients with Epiretinal Membranes and Intraretinal Cystoid Changes Undergoing Vitrectomy with Membrane Peeling - A Prospective Randomized Trial","volume":"240","author":"C Leisser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11570","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48097-1","article-title":"Inner Nuclear Layer Microsyst Configuration, Distribution, and Visual Prognosis in Patients With Epiretinal Membrane After Vitrectomy and Membrane Peeling","volume":"9","author":"M H Hsieh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.12.006","article-title":"Insights into Epiretinal Membranes: Presence of Ectopic Inner Foveal 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