{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:59:28Z","timestamp":1785452368125,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005283","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BP5-0197-00040.01.00\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BP5-0197-00040.01.00\/22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005283","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Planta Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogen whose virulence factors, such as polymorphism and biofilm formation, facilitate infection. Due to rising antifungal resistance, essential oils (EOs) from Citrus limon and Citrus sinensis are being investigated for their antimicrobial potential. This study analyzes the chemical composition, antifungal activity against Candida albicans in planktonic and biofilm forms, cytotoxicity on human erythrocytes, and pharmacokinetic properties of Citrus limon and Citrus sinensis essential oils. The essential oils were extracted from the leaves by hydrodistillation, and their composition was analyzed by GC-MS. Antifungal activity was assessed using broth microdilution and time-kill kinetics. Combined effects were assessed using checkerboard assays, while antibiofilm tests were evaluated using polystyrene plate assays and microscopy. Hemolytic activity tests were performed using percentage hemolysis. C. limon essential oil had limonene 40.8%, \u03b2-pinene 16.5%, and citronellal 12.3%, while C. sinensis had limonene 36.7%, \u03b2-pinene 14.6%, and eucalyptol 10.5% as its main constituents. The MIC was 0.312\u200a\u2013\u200a1.25\u2009mg\/mL, with kill kinetics of up to 10\u2009h. It showed additive effects for C. limon\/fluconazole and synergistic effects for C. sinensis\/fluconazole. It exhibited anti-adhesion and anti-polymorphism effects, inhibiting biofilm formation. It also exhibited low cytotoxicity, with an LC50 of 14\u200a000\u2009\u00b5g\/mL for C. limon and 13\u200a000\u2009\u00b5g\/mL for C. sinensis. ADMET and BOILED-egg pharmacokinetic predictions indicated safety for systemic use, with caution for topical application of limonene, citronellal, and eucalyptol. Both EOs exhibited strong anti-Candida activity with minimal cytotoxicity. Its additive\/synergistic effects with fluconazole highlight its potential as an alternative or adjuvant therapy against C. albicans infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2809-7206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T23:53:03Z","timestamp":1772495583000},"page":"901-913","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anticandidal and Antibiofilm Activity of the Essential Oils from the Leaves of Citrus limon and Citrus sinensis"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1975-4009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Alyce","family":"Albuquerque Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Master\u02bcs student of Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1733-2119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisca Lidiane","family":"Linhares de Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vale do Acara\u00fa State University, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8246-8073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Henrique","family":"Lima Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Master\u02bcs student of Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2367-1672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc\u00edlio Dimateus","family":"Lima Torres Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Master\u02bcs Student of Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Medical School, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5222-4378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elnatan","family":"Bezerra de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vale do Acara\u00fa State University, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5598-8886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean","family":"Parcelli Costa do Vale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Vale do Acara\u00fa State University, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8044-3121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tigressa Helena Soares","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Vale do Acara\u00fa State University, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2807-4867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika Helena","family":"Salles de Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences, International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8865-5954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel Oliveira dos Santos","family":"Fontenelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Vale do Acara\u00fa State University, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1590\/1519-6984.190454","article-title":"Sensitivity to antifungals by Candida spp samples 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