{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:03:53Z","timestamp":1792681433934,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ultraschall Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Handheld ultrasound (HHUS) devices are increasingly used in clinical practice due to their portability and cost-effectiveness. However, HHUS image quality remains variable, and a standardized expert-based evaluation protocol is lacking. This study compares the image quality of B-mode recordings of five HHUS models with a high-end reference system (HEUS) using a blinded assessment to identify differences, covariates, offering a standardized evaluation framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In this blinded, multi-center study, video sequences of the liver, pancreas, and sigmoid colon were recorded in ten volunteers using 5 HHUS devices \u2013 Vscan Air, Butterfly iQ+, Philips Lumify, Clarius C3, and Clarius C3 HD3 \u2013 and one HEUS (GE Logiq E10). Twenty-two physicians with many years of abdominal ultrasound experience rated blinded clips for 5 image quality parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The HEUS consistently received the highest ratings. Image quality differed significantly between HHUS devices. Clarius systems showed the smallest deviation from the reference, followed by Vscan Air and Philips Lumify. All image parameters significantly correlated with the overall impression, without a single dominant factor. The patients\u2019 BMI had no relevant influence. Examiner experience was less impactful than device familiarity and personal preference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The image quality of HEUS remained superior to all tested HHUS devices. Further subdivision of image quality aspects did not provide additional information. Furthermore, we could not identify significant covariates in our setup. These findings could justify simplified setups with reduced questionnaires and requirements for examiners.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2809-7627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T23:31:42Z","timestamp":1771111902000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of image quality in five different handheld ultrasound devices and analysis of various impact factors"],"prefix":"10.1055","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1132-9787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antje","family":"Naas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Else Kr\u00f6ner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Department 1, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0685-2463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Kober","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Else Kr\u00f6ner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5921-9478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00f6nnis","family":"Trittler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Else Kr\u00f6ner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Nauber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vodafone Chair for Mobile Communications, TU Dresden Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8984-4961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar Manfred Gustav","family":"Dorausch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vodafone Chair for Mobile Communications, TU Dresden Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Kampfrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department 1, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz","family":"Brinkmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Else Kr\u00f6ner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Department 1, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maia","family":"Arsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asklepios Hospital Radeberg, Radeberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Husman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department 1, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Langanke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterologie, Upper Lusatia Hospital Bischofswerda Branch, Bischofswerda, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Sulk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department 1, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Matthes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department I, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3851-2620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tina","family":"Gabriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Else Kr\u00f6ner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Teufel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine II, Divison of Hepatology, Division of Bioinformatics, Heidelberg University Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Behrendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoaneta","family":"Markova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6889-2955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Franck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7008-6650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Jenssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Internal Medicine, Maerkisch-Oderland Hospital, Strausberg, Germany"},{"name":"Brandenburg Institute for Clinical Ultrasound, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Merkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brandenburg Institute for Clinical Ultrasound, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0457-4135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentin","family":"Blank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Interdisciplinary Ultrasound, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8109-8526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Karlas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Seeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein - Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius Andreas","family":"Eckart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Poralla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malte","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Staudacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charit\u00e9 University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Berlin Institute of Health, Charit\u00e9 University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Ziesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Diakonissen Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Aland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Diakonissen Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lueder","family":"Herzog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Wilhelmshaven Hospital, Wilhelmshaven, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelika","family":"Herzog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acute Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, St Joseph-Stift Hospital Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"J\u00fcrgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charit\u00e9 University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard Paul","family":"Fettweis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vodafone Chair for Mobile Communications, TU Dresden Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2421-6127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jochen","family":"Hampe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Else Kr\u00f6ner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Department 1, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0676-6926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moritz","family":"Herzog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Else Kr\u00f6ner Fresenius Center for Digital Health, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Medical Department 1, Dresden University Hospital, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-018-1901-3","article-title":"Pocket-size ultrasound device in cholelithiasis: diagnostic accuracy and efficacy of short-term training","volume":"13","author":"M Del Medico","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.24908\/pocusj.v10i01.18722","article-title":"Comparison of 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