{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T23:34:35Z","timestamp":1777073675827,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n Background\u2002Neuropathic pain is a frequent and disabling complication of\n type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although poor glycemic control is known to contribute\n to diabetic neuropathy, its specific relationship with painful manifestations\n remains incompletely characterized.<\/jats:p>\n Objective\u2002The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between\n hemoglobin A1c levels and the presence of neuropathic pain in patients with type\n 2 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p>\n Methods\u2002A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 172 adults\n with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending outpatient clinics at a tertiary\n hospital in northern Peru. Neuropathic pain was assessed using the validated\n Spanish version of the Self-Administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic\n Symptoms and Signs questionnaire. Glycemic control was evaluated using\n hemoglobin A1c, analyzed both as a continuous variable and a dichotomous\n variable at 7%. Clinical, metabolic, and demographic variables were compared\n between patients with and without neuropathic pain. Associations were examined\n using Poisson regression with robust variance and logistic regression,\n estimating crude and adjusted effect measures with 95% confidence intervals.<\/jats:p>\n Results\u2002Neuropathic pain was identified in 50% of participants. Patients\n with neuropathic pain showed higher hemoglobin A1c values and a greater\n proportion of values equal to or above 7%. In adjusted models, elevated\n hemoglobin A1c levels remained independently associated with neuropathic pain,\n when analyzed both as a dichotomous variable and as a continuous variable.\n Dyslipidemia and hypertension also showed independent associations.<\/jats:p>\n Conclusions\u2002Higher hemoglobin A1c levels are independently associated with\n neuropathic pain in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, underscoring the\n importance of sustained glycemic control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2821-0293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T23:55:28Z","timestamp":1771977328000},"page":"116-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hemoglobin A1c and Neuropathic Pain in Type 2 Diabetes: A\n Case-Control Study with the Self-Administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic\n Symptoms and Signs Questionnaire"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7748-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian Alberto","family":"Rodriguez-Salda\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital III-1 Jos\u00e9 Cayetano Heredia, EsSalud, Piura,\n Peru"},{"name":"Hospital de la Amistad Peru-Korea Santa Rosa II-2, Piura,\n Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana Sof\u00eda","family":"Abramonte-Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Piura, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anabella","family":"Quiroga-Taboada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Piura, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Jos\u00e9","family":"Flores-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Piura, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lilian Nadja","family":"Ar\u00e9valo-C\u00f3rdova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital de la Amistad Peru-Korea Santa Rosa II-2, Piura,\n Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Serna-Alarc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Piura, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2991\/jegh.k.191028.001","article-title":"Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes\u2014global burden of disease and forecasted\n trends","volume":"10","author":"MA B Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Glob 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Nozawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drugs Real World Outcomes"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2016.10.009","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the Spanish-language version of the\n self-administered leeds assessment of neuropathic symptoms and signs (S-LANSS)\n pain scale","volume":"33","author":"I L\u00f3pez-de-Uralde-Villanueva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurologia"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-00970-3","article-title":"Which scale is more useful to detect diabetic neuropathic pain?: A\n cross-sectional study","volume":"22","author":"Z \u00dcnl\u00fct\u00fcrk","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e95403","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095403","article-title":"Diabetic peripheral neuropathy in ambulatory patients with type 2 diabetes in a\n general 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