{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:45:18Z","timestamp":1785545118969,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de\nPessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004612","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Arauc\u00e1ria","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["70\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["70\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004612","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Sports Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that involves bone resorption\nand leads to tooth loss. This study aimed to evaluate the biological\nplausibility of exercise\u2019s potential impact on periodontal repair in rats.\nForty-eight male Wistar rats received cotton ligatures around the lower first\nmolars bilaterally. After 7 days, all animals were allocated to the following\ngroups: control (ligature removal), early treatment (ligature removal+exercise)\nand late treatment (exercise alone for 28 days and then ligature removal;\nn=16 per group). All groups were evaluated at 28 and 56 days.\nSwimming exercise was performed 5 days\/wk. Mandibles, blood and gingiva were\ncollected for radiographic, histological and inflammatory analysis using\nmultiplex. At 56 days, both exercise groups showed significantly lower bone loss\ncompared to the control group. Histological analysis revealed that early\ntreatment promoted increased percentages of fibroblasts and blood vessels. Late\ntreatment provided statistically higher serum vascular endothelial growth factor\nlevels than early treatment or control groups. In gingiva, the epidermal growth\nfactor level was significantly higher in the exercise groups compared to the\ncontrol. In conclusion, late or early treatment including exercise improved bone\nrepair in rats, possibly through growth factor modulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2830-3219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T23:52:58Z","timestamp":1772841178000},"page":"679-686","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exercise Improves Periodontal Repair Following Ligature-induced\nPeriodontitis in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Priscila Alves Teixeira","family":"Ribas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal\ndo Paran\u00e1, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao Victor Schoemberger","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal\ndo Paran\u00e1, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrique Kenji","family":"Takarada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1,\nCuritiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana Ortelan","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1,\nCuritiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia Braga","family":"Reitmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba,\nBrazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thain\u00e1 Beatriz","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Positivo University,\nCuritiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao Cesar","family":"Zielak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Positivo University,\nCuritiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6071-553X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joao Paulo","family":"Steffens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federal do\nParan\u00e1, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S173","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.17-0721","article-title":"Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 world workshop on the\nclassification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions","volume":"89","author":"P N Papapanou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-019-0064-z","article-title":"The cytokine network involved in the host immune response to periodontitis","volume":"11","author":"W Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01979-1","article-title":"Inflammation and oxidative stress markers in type 2 diabetes patients with\nadvanced carotid atherosclerosis","volume":"22","author":"L Menegaut","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25021082","article-title":"The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular\ndisease","volume":"25","author":"H Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-024-09884-y","article-title":"Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are the game-changers in childhood\nobesity-associated metabolic disorders (diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver\ndiseases)","volume":"25","author":"A Ullah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S77","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-S005","article-title":"5. Facilitating positive health behaviors and well-being to improve health\noutcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024","volume":"47","author":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice\nCommittee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001168","article-title":"AHA\/ACC\/ACCP\/ASPC\/NLA\/PCNA Guideline for the management of patients with chronic\ncoronary disease: A report of the american heart association\/American college of\ncardiology joint committee on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"148","author":"S S Virani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4158\/EP161365.GL","article-title":"American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of\nEndocrinology comprehensive clinical practice guidelines for medical care of\npatients with obesity","volume":"22","author":"W T Garvey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13290","article-title":"Treatment of stage I-III periodontitis-The EFP S3 level clinical practice\nguideline","volume":"47","author":"M Sanz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025622815579","article-title":"Increasing physical activity decreases the risk of periodontitis in men","volume":"18","author":"A T Merchant","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.8.1362","article-title":"Periodontitis and three health-enhancing behaviors: Maintaining a normal weight,\ngetting the recommended level of exercise, and consuming a high-quality\ndiet","volume":"76","author":"M S Al-Zahrani","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2010.01314.x","article-title":"The association between periodontal disease, physical activity and healthy diet\namong adults in Jordan","volume":"46","author":"H A Bawadi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Perio Res"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00234","article-title":"Physical activity reduces the prevalence of periodontal disease: Systematic\nreview and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"R O Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13766","article-title":"Leisure-time and occupational physical activity demonstrate divergent\nassociations with periodontitis: A population-based study","volume":"50","author":"C Marruganti","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e071","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0071","article-title":"Associations between physical activity domains and oral health: An analysis of a\nBrazilian population-based study","volume":"37","author":"SD D Anjos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.21-0643","article-title":"Adherence to Mediterranean diet, physical activity level, and severity of\nperiodontitis: Results from a university-based cross-sectional study","volume":"93","author":"C Marruganti","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e240136","DOI":"10.1590\/pboci.2026.006","article-title":"App-guided exercise improves periodontal status in periodontitis treatment\u2014A\npilot randomized clinical trial","volume":"26","author":"G G Guarenghi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pesqui Bras 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Andrade","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238500","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2023.1238500","article-title":"Aerobic exercise 3 times per week in adult rats did not influence the\nprogression of periodontal disease","volume":"5","author":"T B Souza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Sports Act Living"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2009.04.007","article-title":"Additive anticonvulsant effects of creatine supplementation and physical\nexercise against pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures","volume":"55","author":"L M Rambo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.17-0435","article-title":"The role of androgens on periodontal repair in female rats","volume":"89","author":"J P Steffens","year":"2018","journal-title":"J 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performance","volume":"49","author":"I Needleman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1590\/1517-869220192502170693","article-title":"Bone tissue behavior of rats with experimental periodontitis subjected to\nphysical exercise","volume":"25","author":"B M Bortolini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med Esporte"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1097\/MCA.0b013e32834993d9","article-title":"Effects of exercise of different intensities on the angiogenesis, infarct\nhealing, and function of the left ventricle in postmyocardial infarction\nrats","volume":"22","author":"X Y Tang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Coron Artery Dis"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"320","article-title":"[Effects of aerobic exercise training on antihypertension and expressions of\nVEGF, eNOS of skeletal muscle in spontaneous hypertensive rats]","volume":"30","author":"Z Y Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-016-1553-3","article-title":"Low-intensity treadmill exercise promotes rat dorsal wound healing","volume":"36","author":"W Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"38","article-title":"Aerobic Treadmill Exercise Upregulates Epidermal Growth Factor Levels and\nImproves Learning and Memory in d-galactose-Induced Aging in a Mouse Model","author":"C Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13248","article-title":"Analysis of inflammation and bone remodeling of atmospheric plasma therapy in\nexperimental periodontitis","volume":"59","author":"I C de Oliveira","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12274","article-title":"Effect of the probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae on ligature-induced\nperiodontitis in rats","volume":"51","author":"V G Garcia","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h4672","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h4672","article-title":"Understanding the Hawthorne effect","volume":"351","author":"P Sedgwick","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.2174\/1570163813666160114093140","article-title":"From in vitro experiments to in vivo and clinical studies; pros and cons","volume":"12","author":"S Saeidnia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Drug Discov Technol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-6131.213468","article-title":"Impact of Yoga on Periodontal Disease and Stress 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