{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T23:18:26Z","timestamp":1787786306411,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["188591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["188591"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rofo"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis remains difficult, particularly in the absence of typical bile duct strictures. This study aims to assess the diagnostic performance of MRI T1 and T2 mapping with regard to differentiating PSC patients from matched controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In this IRB-approved study, we retrospectively included all patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis who underwent multiparametric MRI with T1 and T2 mapping (1.5T and\/or 3T) between 09\/2018\u201305\/2020 at our institution. Sex-, age-, and field strength-matched patients were selected, without focal or diffuse liver disease and without significant liver steatosis, based on a proton density fat fraction &lt;10%. T1 and T2 relaxation times were compared between patients and controls using a paired Wilcoxon test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for the T1 and T2 relaxation times at 1.5T and 3T to discriminate between PSC and non-PSC patients. The cut-off corresponding to the highest Youden index was selected as the optimal threshold.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 132 MRI exams were included: 66 from PSC patients (29 at 1.5T and 37 at 3T), and 66 age-, sex-, and field strength-matched controls. The T2 relaxation time was significantly higher in PSC patients at 3T (38 ms [35\u201340 ms] vs. 35 ms [31\u201338 ms]) and 1.5T (53 ms [51\u201357 ms] vs. 50 ms [46\u201354 ms]). The T1 relaxation time was significantly higher in PSC patients at 3T (830 ms [793\u2013898 ms] vs. 808 ms [745\u2013864 ms]; p=.01), but not at 1.5 T (620 ms [576\u2013658 ms] vs. 583 ms [544\u2013645 ms]; p=.23). The highest diagnostic performance was observed with T2-weighted sequences at 1.5T (AUC = 0.69, p = .013), followed by T1-weighted sequences at 3T (AUC = 0.65, p = .024). T1-weighted imaging at 1.5T showed a trend toward significance (AUC = 0.64, p = .070), while T2-weighted imaging at 3T did not demonstrate significant discriminative ability (AUC = 0.55, p = .433). For parametric T2 mapping at 1.5T, a &gt;47 ms cut-off showed high sensitivity (89.7%) and moderate specificity (48.3%). For parametric T1 mapping at 3T, a &gt;869 ms cut-off showed high specificity (89.2%) but lower sensitivity (40.5%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>MRI T2 relaxation times were significantly increased in PSC patients both at 3T and 1.5T, while T1 relaxation time was significantly increased at 3T, but not at 1.5T. T2-weighted imaging at 1.5T demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2836-6899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:00:58Z","timestamp":1777525258000},"page":"1184-1194","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Liver MRI with T1 and T2 parametric mapping to characterize patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Adrian T.","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luzerner Kantonsspital, LU, Switzerland","place":["Luzern"],"department":["Department of Radiology"]},{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]},{"name":"Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Liver Elastography Center, Translational Imaging Center (TIC)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Erb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Ardoino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damiano","family":"Catucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]},{"name":"University of Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Graduate School for Health Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Br\u00f6nnimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Zbinden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]},{"name":"University of Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["ARTOG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kady","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik Paul","family":"Guensch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"]},{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Berzigotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Hepatology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Ebner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luzerner Kantonsspital, LU, Switzerland","place":["Luzern"],"department":["Department of Radiology"]},{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes T.","family":"Heverhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Christe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6572-9968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verena C.","family":"Obmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zuger Kantonsspital AG, ZG, Switzerland","place":["Baar"],"department":["Department of Radiology"]},{"name":"Inselspital University Hospital Bern, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology"]},{"name":"Swiss Institute for Translational and Entrepreneurial Medicine, BE, Switzerland","place":["Bern"],"department":["Liver Elastography Center, Translational Imaging Center (TIC)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23024","article-title":"Prevalence of sclerosing cholangitis in adults with autoimmune hepatitis: a prospective magnetic resonance imaging and histological study","volume":"50","author":"M Lewin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30300-3","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"391","author":"JK Dyson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-019-05484-y","article-title":"Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Concise Review of Diagnosis and Management","volume":"64","author":"ZP Fricker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-022-03655-6","article-title":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis: review for radiologists","volume":"48","author":"MA Morgan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06855-0","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging features in 283 patients with primary biliary cholangitis","volume":"30","author":"IS Idilman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3735","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06728-6","article-title":"Risk stratification in primary sclerosing cholangitis: comparison of biliary stricture severity on MRCP versus liver stiffness by MR elastography and vibration-controlled transient elastography","volume":"30","author":"M Tafur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3260","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-018-1590-4","article-title":"MR elastography in primary sclerosing cholangitis: correlating liver stiffness with bile duct strictures and parenchymal changes","volume":"43","author":"CA Bookwalter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4716","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-08659-2","article-title":"T1 reduction rate with Gd-EOB-DTPA determines liver function on both 1.5 T and 3 T MRI","volume":"12","author":"VC Obmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4308","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07447-8","article-title":"T1 mapping of the liver and the spleen in patients with liver fibrosis \u2013 does normalization to the blood pool increase the predictive value?","volume":"31","author":"VC Obmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8106","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44377-y","article-title":"Liver MR relaxometry at 3T \u2013 segmental normal T1 and T2* values in patients without focal or diffuse liver disease and in patients with increased liver fat and elevated liver stiffness","volume":"9","author":"VC Obmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27292","article-title":"Multiparametric MRI in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"53","author":"JJ Schaapman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2020.12.005","article-title":"Quantitative MRI of the liver: Evaluation of extracellular volume fraction and other quantitative parameters in comparison to MR elastography for the assessment of hepatopathy","volume":"77","author":"PA Kupczyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13284","article-title":"Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity","volume":"37","author":"M Pavlides","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver International"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3299","article-title":"A study of T1 relaxation time as a measure of liver fibrosis and the influence of 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Guimaraes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23606","article-title":"Measurement of liver T1 and T2 relaxation times in an experimental mouse model of liver fibrosis","volume":"36","author":"AM Chow","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-021-03378-0","article-title":"Associations between MRI T1 mapping, liver stiffness, quantitative MRCP, and laboratory biomarkers in children and young adults with autoimmune liver disease","volume":"47","author":"N Mahalingam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02839-2","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of disease severity of primary sclerosing cholangitis with T1 mapping and extracellular volume imaging","volume":"46","author":"S Evrimler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193929","article-title":"Association of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with hepatic fibrosis and inflammation in primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"13","author":"S Keller","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-3913-y","article-title":"Functional gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)","volume":"26","author":"H Hinrichs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2021.109884","article-title":"Assessment of prognostic value and interreader agreement of ANALI scores in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis","volume":"142","author":"A Grigoriadis","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Radiology"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-02382-9","article-title":"T1 mapping, T2 mapping and MR elastography of the liver for detection and staging of liver fibrosis","volume":"45","author":"DH Hoffman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3071","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14625","article-title":"Prognostic value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, transient elastography and blood-based fibrosis markers in patients with chronic liver disease","volume":"40","author":"ANA Jayaswal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver International"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709.e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2021.06.014","article-title":"The feasibility of T2 mapping in the assessment of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a preliminary study","volume":"76","author":"IS Idilman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Radiology"}],"container-title":["R\u00f6Fo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der R\u00f6ntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2836-6899.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T22:49:13Z","timestamp":1787784553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2836-6899"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"09","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2836-6899","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-9029","1438-9010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-9029","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-9010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]}}}