{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T23:26:44Z","timestamp":1786750004980,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Masseteric vestibular evoked myogenic potentials assess saccular-masseteric pathway function using air-conducted or bone-conducted stimuli.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This study investigated whether simulated bilateral conductive hearing loss differentially affects mVEMP response characteristics under air- and bone-conducted stimulation in young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Fifty healthy participants were included in the study. Conductive hearing loss was simulated in 25 individuals using silicone-blocked foam ear tips to create controlled bilateral attenuation. Masseteric vestibular evoked myogenic potentials were elicited using 500\u2009Hz tone bursts delivered to the right ear through air and bone-conducted methods. Responses were recorded using a two-channel zygomatic electrode placement and analyzed for P1 and N1 latencies and P1-N1 peak-to-peak amplitude.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In the simulated conductive hearing loss group, air-conducted masseteric vestibular evoked myogenic potential responses showed decreased response rate, delayed latency, and reduced amplitude compared with normal hearing participants. In contrast, bone-conducted masseteric vestibular evoked myogenic potentials were consistently recorded in both groups, demonstrating significantly higher amplitudes and earlier latencies than air-conducted responses in the simulated conductive hearing loss group. Spectral analysis revealed a consistent peak around 100\u2009Hz for all conditions except air-conducted stimulation in the simulated conductive hearing loss group, which showed no distinct peak.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Simulated conductive hearing loss significantly affects air-conducted masseteric vestibular evoked myogenic potential responses, often rendering them absent or diminished. However, bone-conducted responses remain robust and reliable in normal and simulated conductive hearing loss conditions, highlighting their diagnostic value when conductive pathologies compromise air-conducted responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2846-4560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T22:30:46Z","timestamp":1786746646000},"page":"001-008","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Air and Bone-Conduction Masseteric Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials: A Simulated Conductive Hearing Loss Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Raghav","family":"Katyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nitte Institute of Speech and Hearing, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6835-7346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jim Saroj","family":"Winston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nitte Institute of Speech and Hearing, K S Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"08","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.8.1635","article-title":"Vestibular evoked potentials in human neck muscles before and after unilateral vestibular deafferentation","volume":"42","author":"J G Colebatch","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joto.2023.12.005","article-title":"Masseter Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials: A new tool to assess the vestibulomasseteric reflex pathway","volume":"19","author":"A Nagarajan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Otol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.04.001","article-title":"Ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials produced by air- and bone-conducted stimuli: comparative properties and effects of age","volume":"122","author":"S M Rosengren","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","first-page":"619","article-title":"Masseteric vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in vestibular neuritis: A case series","volume":"36","author":"A Rajesh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Iran J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-014-2054-4","article-title":"Abnormalities of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in idiopathic Parkinson's disease are associated with clinical evidence of brainstem involvement","volume":"36","author":"E R de Natale","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.01.023","article-title":"Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials and their clinical utility in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"130","author":"X Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.06.010","article-title":"Normative data for P1\/N1-latencies of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials induced by air- or bone-conducted tone bursts","volume":"116","author":"D Basta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1044\/2022_AJA-22-00155","article-title":"Comparison of chirp versus tone burst- and click-evoked masseteric vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in normal-hearing adults","volume":"32","author":"A K Neupane","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Audiol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.05.021","article-title":"Vestibulo masseteric reflex and acoustic masseteric Reflex. 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