{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T23:47:48Z","timestamp":1782258468698,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Z Orthop Unfall"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In hemiplegic patients, joint cartilage alterations may arise from impaired\n\t\t\t\tbalance reactions, decreased selective motor control, abnormal muscle tone, or\n\t\t\t\treduced weight shifting toward the affected limb.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the thickness of talar, femoral, and metacarpal\n\t\t\t\tcartilage on the paretic and nonparetic sides in hemiplegic patients and to compare\n\t\t\t\tthese findings with those of healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty-one hemiplegic patients and 31 age and sex-matched healthy individuals\n\t\t\t\tparticipated. The thickness of talar, femoral, 2nd metacarpal, and 3rd metacarpal\n\t\t\t\tcartilage was measured using an ultrasound device equipped with a linear probe.\n\t\t\t\tMeasurements were performed by the same experienced examiner to ensure\n\t\t\t\treliability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Talar (p\u00a0=\u00a00.012, r\u00a0=\u00a00.453) and femoral (p\u00a0=\u00a00.016, r\u00a0=\u00a00.431) cartilage were\n\t\t\t\tsignificantly thicker on the paretic side compared with the nonparetic side, while\n\t\t\t\tno differences were found in 2nd and 3rd metacarpal cartilage. Compared with\n\t\t\t\tcontrols, talar (p\u00a0=\u00a00.018, r\u00a0=\u00a00.299) and femoral (p\u00a0=\u00a00.036, r\u00a0=\u00a00.266) cartilage\n\t\t\t\ton the paretic side was thicker, whereas the nonparetic side showed no significant\n\t\t\t\tdifference (p\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The increased talar and femoral cartilage thickness on the paretic side could\n\t\t\t\tpotentially be consistent with cartilage oedema or other structural changes;\n\t\t\t\thowever, ultrasonography alone cannot differentiate between structural thickening,\n\t\t\t\tincreased water content, subclinical synovitis, or methodological artefacts. Several\n\t\t\t\talternative mechanisms may also contribute to the observed findings, including\n\t\t\t\taltered joint alignment, muscular imbalance, and spasticity-related loading changes\n\t\t\t\tsecondary to hemiplegia. These findings warrant further investigation with\n\t\t\t\tlongitudinal and multimodal imaging studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2887-2112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T23:24:15Z","timestamp":1782257055000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ultrasound Assessment of Talar, Femoral and Metacarpal Cartilage Thicknesses in Hemiplegic Patients and their Relationship with Functional Parameters"],"prefix":"10.1055","author":[{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Ero\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VM Mersin Medical Park Hospital, Turkey","place":["Mersin"],"department":["Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serkan","family":"Ta\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toros University, Mersin, Turkey","place":["Mersin"],"department":["Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8268-5485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ece","family":"Ekici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toros Universitesi, Turkey","place":["Mersin"],"department":["Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0000000000000350","article-title":"Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the\n\t\t\t\t\tAmerican Heart Association","volume":"133","author":"D Mozaffarian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1212\/con.0000000000000416","article-title":"Stroke Epidemiology and Risk Factor Management","volume":"23","author":"A 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