{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:42:08Z","timestamp":1792190528765,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Diabetic neuropathy is a common microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes\nmellitus associated with chronic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation.\nThe hemoglobin\u2013albumin\u2013lymphocyte\u2013platelet score is a composite index\nreflecting nutritional and inflammatory status, but its association with\ndiabetic neuropathy remains insufficiently characterized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 212 patients with type 2\ndiabetes mellitus were evaluated. Diabetic neuropathy was defined using\nelectrophysiological criteria. Multivariable logistic regression analysis\nwas performed to assess the association between the\nhemoglobin\u2013albumin\u2013lymphocyte\u2013platelet score and diabetic neuropathy after\nadjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, body mass index, and glycated\nhemoglobin. The hemoglobin\u2013albumin\u2013lymphocyte\u2013platelet score was analyzed as\na continuous variable (per 0.1-unit increase) and in quartiles. Receiver\noperating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate model\ndiscrimination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Diabetic neuropathy was present in 45.2% of patients. The\nhemoglobin\u2013albumin\u2013lymphocyte\u2013platelet levels were significantly lower in\npatients with diabetic neuropathy compared to those without diabetic\nneuropathy (0.36\u00b10.18 vs. 0.72\u00b10.39, p&lt;0.001). In multivariable\nanalysis, the hemoglobin\u2013albumin\u2013lymphocyte\u2013platelet score remained\nindependently associated with diabetic neuropathy (odds ratio per 0.1-unit\nincrease: 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.35\u20130.58, p&lt;0.001).\nQuartile analysis showed a graded inverse association (p for\ntrend&lt;0.001). The addition of the hemoglobin\u2013albumin\u2013lymphocyte\u2013platelet\nscore improved model discrimination compared to the base model (area under\nthe curve: 0.868 vs. 0.567).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The hemoglobin\u2013albumin\u2013lymphocyte\u2013platelet score is inversely associated with\ndiabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and may\nrepresent an integrated marker of metabolic and inflammatory burden.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2890-1089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T23:13:24Z","timestamp":1780960404000},"page":"338-343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Hemoglobin\u2013Albumin\u2013Lymphocyte\u2013Platelet Score and Diabetic\nNeuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8490-0767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aysun","family":"\u015eeker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kartal Dr Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey","place":["Istanbul"],"department":["Department of Internal Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seydahmet","family":"Akin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kartal Dr Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey","place":["Istanbul"],"department":["Department of Internal Medicine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Do\u011fa","family":"Co\u015fkun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kartal Dr Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey","place":["Istanbul"],"department":["Department of Neurology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2042","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy: a position statement by the american diabetes\nassociation","volume":"40","author":"R Pop-Busui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1303","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathies: update on definitions, diagnostic criteria, estimation of\nseverity, and treatments","volume":"33","author":"S Tesfaye","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671257","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.671257","article-title":"Advances in screening, early diagnosis and accurate staging of diabetic\nneuropathy","volume":"12","author":"J Carmichael","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1265372","article-title":"Diabetic peripheral neuropathy: pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment","volume":"14","author":"J Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.05.003","article-title":"New perspectives in diabetic neuropathy","volume":"111","author":"S A Eid","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0097-9","article-title":"Diabetic neuropathy","volume":"5","author":"E Feldman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primer"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.119.315896","article-title":"Metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity","volume":"126","author":"H Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.346312.120","article-title":"Chronic tissue inflammation and metabolic disease","volume":"35","author":"Y S Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-023-01479-8","article-title":"Relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and diabetic peripheral\nneuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"A Rezaei Shahrabi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1787998","article-title":"Diagnostic value of HALP score in detecting diabetic nephropathy in patients\nwith type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"16","author":"MR T Burcin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ibnosina J Med Biomed Sci"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109496","article-title":"Hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score and cancer prognosis:\nA systematic review and meta-analysis of 13,110 patients","volume":"114","author":"H Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.28367","article-title":"What is hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, platelet (HALP) score? A comprehensive\nliterature review of HALP\u2019s prognostic ability in different cancer types","volume":"14","author":"C M Farag","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1356929","article-title":"The L-shape relationship between hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, platelet score\nand the risk of diabetic retinopathy in the US population","volume":"15","author":"R Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.2147\/dmso.s467799","article-title":"Relationship Between the Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte Count, Platelet Count\n(HALP) Score and Type 2 Diabetes Retinopathy","volume":"17","author":"S Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-025-04791-9","article-title":"Association between Hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet score and all-cause\nor cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes: mediated\neffects of renal function","volume":"25","author":"P Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology\n(STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"370","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2890-1089.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:35:38Z","timestamp":1792190138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2890-1089"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2890-1089","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-7349","1439-3646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0947-7349","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]}}}