{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:52:08Z","timestamp":1782863528434,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To describe the short- and intermediate-term outcomes of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) in cats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Electronic medical records of cats with cranial cruciate ligament tears treated with TPLO at nine hospitals between January 2015 and November 2024 were reviewed. Cats were included if they had a TPLO procedure and excluded if they had concurrent ipsilateral orthopedic procedures or underwent additional concurrent procedures other than simultaneous contralateral stifle surgery. Physical and radiographic examination metrics, including bone healing scores, were used to assess short-term outcomes (&lt;6 months). Owner responses to Feline Musculoskeletal and Pain Index (FMPI) surveys were used to assess intermediate-term outcomes (&lt;12 months).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty-two stifles were operated on in 28 cats. Complications occurred in 9\/32 stifles, and they were categorized as eight minor and one major complications. The median (range) pre- and postoperative lameness grades were 3 (1\u20135) and 0 (0\u20132) out of 5, respectively. Cranial tibial thrust was neutralized in 28\/32 stifles; the remaining four stifles did not have information about stifle stability. The median 10-point radiographic bone healing score after 8 weeks was 8. The median FMPI score decreased from 16 to 4 with a median reduction of 14 (maximum score: 36).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>TPLO was associated with neutralization of cranial tibial thrust in cats and may be a viable treatment option.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2897-7776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:04:09Z","timestamp":1782860649000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short- and Intermediate-Term Outcomes in 28 Cats that have Undergone a Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy for Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease"],"prefix":"10.1055","author":[{"given":"Alissa A.","family":"Pike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bluepearl Pet Hospital, Texas, United States","place":["Spring"],"department":["Department of Surgery"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4606-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven W.","family":"Frederick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mars Veterinary Health, Washington, United States","place":["Vancouver"],"department":["Department of Medical Affairs"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Ficklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bluepearl Pet Hospital, Texas, United States","place":["Spring"],"department":["Department of Surgery"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X19837436","article-title":"Cranial cruciate ligament disease in cats: an epidemiological retrospective study of 50 cats (2011-2016)","volume":"22","author":"G S Boge","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Feline Med Surg"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119421344.ch117","volume-title":"Cranial cruciate ligament repair","author":"D J Griffon","year":"2016"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1653960","article-title":"Effect of tibial plateau levelling osteotomy on cranial tibial subluxation in the feline cranial cruciate deficient stifle joint: an ex vivo experimental study","volume":"31","author":"A Bilmont","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0184","article-title":"Tibial plateau levelling osteotomy in eleven cats with cranial cruciate ligament rupture","volume":"29","author":"J K Mindner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"735","article-title":"Sieben Jahre Erfahrung mit einer modifizierten \u201cOver-the-Top\u201d-Kruezbandplastik beim Hund","volume":"37","author":"L Brunnberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Kleintierpraxis"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X15606774","article-title":"Association of mineralisations in the stifle joint of domestic cats with degenerative joint disease and cranial cruciate ligament pathology","volume":"19","author":"K Voss","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Feline Med Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(93)50082-7","article-title":"Tibial plateau leveling osteotomy for repair of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the canine","volume":"23","author":"B Slocum","year":"1993","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00084.x","article-title":"A retrospective evaluation of stifle osteoarthritis in dogs with bilateral medial patellar luxation and unilateral surgical repair","volume":"21","author":"R G Roy","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2010.00763.x","article-title":"Proposed definitions and criteria for reporting time frame, outcome, and complications for clinical orthopedic studies in veterinary medicine","volume":"39","author":"J L Cook","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1788908","article-title":"Evaluation of osteotomy healing in boxer dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy using two radiographic scoring systems","volume":"38","author":"Y Huerta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-05-0084","article-title":"High energy focused shock wave therapy accelerates bone healing. A blinded, prospective, randomized canine clinical trial","volume":"28","author":"N R Kieves","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X211011984","article-title":"Refinement of the feline musculoskeletal pain index (FMPI) and development of the short-form FMPI","volume":"24","author":"M Enomoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Feline Med Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.14177","article-title":"A modified approach to portal placement for arthroscopic management of osteochondritis dissecans lesions of the tarsocrural joint in 15 dogs (19 tarsi)","volume":"54","author":"B Cruciani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2006.00147.x","article-title":"The effect of tibial plateau angle on ground reaction forces 4-17 months after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in Labrador Retrievers","volume":"35","author":"D A Robinson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1750316","article-title":"The role of tibial plateau angle in canine cruciate ligament rupture-a review of the literature","volume":"35","author":"A Z Todorovi\u0107","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2001.21400","article-title":"Effect of tibial plateau leveling on cranial and caudal tibial thrusts in canine cranial cruciate-deficient stifles: an in vitro experimental study","volume":"30","author":"C C Warzee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13640","article-title":"Evaluation of the risk of patella fracture as the result of decreasing tibial plateau angle following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy","volume":"50","author":"C M Geier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1053\/jvet.2003.50054","article-title":"Observer variability of tibial plateau slope measurement in 40 dogs with cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle joints","volume":"32","author":"A A Fettig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-04-0055","article-title":"Update on the aetiopathogenesis of canine cranial cruciate ligament disease","volume":"24","author":"E J Comerford","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-023-06307-0","article-title":"Associations between meniscal tears and various degrees of osteoarthritis among dogs undergoing TPLO for cranial cruciate ligament rupture","volume":"16","author":"C Fung","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1990-0597","article-title":"Tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in small and large breed dogs: a comparative retrospective study of complications and outcomes","volume":"51","author":"R Schuenemann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004637","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.1004637","article-title":"Surgical treatment of cranial cruciate ligament disease in dogs using tibial plateau leveling osteotomy or tibial tuberosity advancement-a systematic review with a meta-analytic approach","volume":"9","author":"A C Wemmers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"403","volume-title":"Radiographic Signs of Joint Disease in Dogs and Cats","author":"G Allan","year":"2017"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-8-10","article-title":"Relationship of orthopedic examination, goniometric measurements, and radiographic signs of degenerative joint disease in cats","volume":"8","author":"B D Lascelles","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2003.36357","article-title":"Cranial cruciate ligament injury in the dog: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment","volume":"51","author":"R M Jerram","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Z Vet J"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2009.00532.x","article-title":"Age, tibial plateau angle, sex, and weight as risk factors for contralateral rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in Labradors","volume":"38","author":"N Buote","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25331","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025331","article-title":"Contralateral cruciate survival in dogs with unilateral non-contact cranial cruciate ligament rupture","volume":"6","author":"P Muir","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e106389","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0106389","article-title":"Radiographic risk factors for contralateral rupture in dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament rupture","volume":"9","author":"C Chuang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2897-7776.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:04:13Z","timestamp":1782860653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2897-7776"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":28,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2897-7776","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0932-0814","2567-6911"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0932-0814","type":"print"},{"value":"2567-6911","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]}}}