{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T22:41:18Z","timestamp":1792708878112,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"08","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Thromb Hemost"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Haemostasis reflects a balance between procoagulant and anticoagulant forces. A relative excess of procoagulant forces and\/or a relative lack of anticoagulant forces can predispose individuals to an increased risk of thrombosis. Conversely, a relative lack of procoagulant forces and\/or a relative excess of anticoagulant forces can predispose individuals to an increased risk of bleeding. It is possible in several clinical situations to mitigate bleeding risk using various approaches, including provision of procoagulant material; conversely, thrombosis risk can be mitigated by using various clinical anticoagulants. In some cases, such therapies require laboratory monitoring or measurements; in particular, therapy using anticoagulants may require laboratory measuring or monitoring to ensure adequate anticoagulation without over- or under-coagulating patients, and thereby reducing any treatment associated risk of bleeding or thrombosis. In this narrative review, we detail the various anticoagulants under current clinical use, as well as the tests or assays used to measure anticoagulant levels, or to monitor anticoagulant therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2907-8841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T23:13:13Z","timestamp":1783984393000},"page":"927-936","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Laboratory Monitoring and Measuring of Clinical Anticoagulants"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2103-1661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel J.","family":"Favaloro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia","place":["Westmead"],"department":["Department of Haematology"]},{"name":"Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Research and Education Network, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia","place":["Westmead"]},{"name":"Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, Australia","place":["Wagga Wagga"],"department":["School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Health"]},{"name":"University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia","place":["Westmead"],"department":["School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5767-508X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Reardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Newcastle Australia, New South Wales, Australia","place":["Newcastle"],"department":["School of Medicine and Public Health"]},{"name":"Calvary Mater Hospital Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia","place":["Waratah"],"department":["Department of Haematology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8237-6743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Pasalic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia","place":["Westmead"],"department":["Department of Haematology"]},{"name":"Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Research and Education Network, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia","place":["Westmead"]},{"name":"University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia","place":["Westmead"],"department":["Westmead Clinical 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