{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T23:20:32Z","timestamp":1787872832186,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rofo"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study uses original data from a 10-year cohort analysis of diagnosis, imaging, and treatment pathways in pediatric vascular anomalies at a specialized interdisciplinary center. The study examines the role of radiology in establishing diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for interdisciplinary management of children with vascular anomalies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 331 children were included in this study. Patient characteristics, the location, and anatomical site of the vascular anomaly and associated pain levels were evaluated on a dedicated questionnaire. Diagnostic procedures (imaging, biopsies) and therapy recommendations (conventional compression therapy, anticoagulation, minimally invasive interventional procedures and surgery) were also analyzed. Variety and frequency of referral diagnosis and diagnostic imaging spectrum off-campus versus in house was evaluated with intermodal comparison.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The patient population consisted of 52.3% females and 47.7% males with a median age of 9.08 years. Most frequent diagnosis was a venous malformation (45.32%), followed by hemangiomas (11.48%) or lymphatic malformations (9.06%). In 45.62% of patients, the referral diagnosis was correct with anatomically unilocular manifestation (77.04%). The median pain intensity was 4\/10 on a visual scale. Ultrasound was the dominating diagnostic modality utilized (84.89%). Conventional compression therapy was the most common therapy applied (41.69%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Vascular anomalies are a rare disease and require many clinical specialties in the holistic management of children. The more familiar physicians and especially pediatric specialists become with them, the more patient care can improve. The contribution of radiology to provide comprehensive care for these patients includes imaging, minimally invasive therapies, and long-term follow-ups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2921-7012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T23:08:40Z","timestamp":1787872120000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pediatric Vascular Anomalies in a Specialized Interdisciplinary Center: A 10-Year Cohort Analysis of Diagnosis, Imaging, and Treatment Pathways"],"prefix":"10.1055","author":[{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"G\u00e4rtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Germany","place":["Mannheim"],"department":["Interdisciplinary Center of Vascular Anomalies"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haneen","family":"Sadick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Germany","place":["Mannheim"],"department":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Struebing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BG Trauma Centre Ludwigshafen, Germany","place":["Ludwigshafen"],"department":["Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Centre"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Svoboda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Germany","place":["Mannheim"],"department":["Department of Pediatric Surgery"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Dippmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Germany","place":["Mannheim"],"department":["Interdisciplinary Center of Vascular Anomalies"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christel","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Germany","place":["Mannheim"],"department":["Department of Medical Statistics, Biomathematics and Information Processing"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Amendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Germany","place":["Mannheim"],"department":["Department of Medicine VI"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maliha","family":"Sadick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Germany","place":["Mannheim"],"department":["Interdisciplinary Center of Vascular Anomalies"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anpede.2024.09.009","article-title":"Vascular anomalies in childhood. Review and update","volume":"101","author":"JC L\u00f3pez Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2024","journal-title":"An Pediatr (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.3390\/children11050567","article-title":"Congenital Vascular Malformations in Children: From Historical Perspective to a Multidisciplinary Approach in the Modern Era-A Comprehensive Review","volume":"11","author":"FCM Bouwman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0620-8925","article-title":"Vascular Anomalies (Part I): Classification and Diagnostics of Vascular Anomalies","volume":"190","author":"M Sadick","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rofo"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1376263","article-title":"Vascular malformations: a review","volume":"28","author":"JA Cox","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1688432","article-title":"A Basic Introduction to Pediatric Vascular Anomalies","volume":"36","author":"SN Eberson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.4236\/ojped.2013.34059","article-title":"Anselmo Room for improvement: Patterns of referral misdiagnosis to a vascular anomalies center","volume":"3","author":"DE Levin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1177\/02841851221130869","article-title":"Performance of a vascular anomaly center: A retrospective analysis of 461 cases over seven years","volume":"64","author":"F Str\u00fcbing","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13076","article-title":"An interdisciplinary specialist team leads to improved diagnostics and treatment for paediatric patients with vascular anomalies","volume":"104","author":"KA Mattila","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-117047","article-title":"Strategies in Interventional Radiology: Formation of an Interdisciplinary Center of Vascular Anomalies \u2013 Chances and Challenges for Effective and Efficient Patient Management","volume":"189","author":"M Sadick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rofo"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1177\/02841851231196872","article-title":"Patient characteristics and disease spectrum in a German vascular anomalies center","volume":"65","author":"F Str\u00fcbing","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-011-0123-0","article-title":"Pediatric vascular malformations: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and the role of interventional radiology","volume":"34","author":"AM Cahill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zefq.2021.11.003","article-title":"Towards a better treatment of patients with vascular malformations: Certified interdisciplinary centers are mandatory","volume":"168","author":"B Cucuruz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1774391","article-title":"Pediatric Vascular Anomalies: A Clinical and Radiological Perspective","volume":"34","author":"R Gupta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J Radiol Imaging"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(16)00645-0","article-title":"Infantile haemangioma","volume":"390","author":"C L\u00e9aut\u00e9-Labr\u00e8ze","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2011.05.006","article-title":"Vascular anomalies in 5,621 patients: Guidelines for referral","volume":"46","author":"AK Greene","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"116","article-title":"Multidisciplinary vascular malformations clinic in Hong Kong","volume":"19","author":"BC Ng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.8.979","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and management of vascular anomalies: Findings of a multidisciplinary vascular anomalies clinic","volume":"140","author":"EF Mathes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-160430020","article-title":"Outcomes of Venous Malformation Sclerotherapy: A Review of Study Methodology and Long-Term Results","volume":"34","author":"S Ali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.1773","article-title":"Arteriovenous malformation after punch biopsy clinically mimicking a basal cell carcinoma: Case report and review of literature","volume":"6","author":"L Van der Worm","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1085921","article-title":"Imaging and percutaneous treatment of vascular anomalies","volume":"25","author":"S Vaidya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.71721","article-title":"Improving Hospital Efficiency and Cost Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"16","author":"SA Almehwari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1007\/s00772-023-00986-6","article-title":"Hospital 2030-What must change","volume":"28","author":"R Minz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gefasschirurgie"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-020-04727-8","article-title":"An integrated multidisciplinary team approach to the management of vascular anomalies: Challenges and benefits","volume":"36","author":"JD Sires","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"}],"container-title":["R\u00f6Fo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der R\u00f6ntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/a-2921-7012.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T23:08:44Z","timestamp":1787872124000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/a-2921-7012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-2921-7012","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-9029","1438-9010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-9029","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-9010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]}}}