{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:02:08Z","timestamp":1790204528680,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Z Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>With the introduction of steatotic liver disease (SLD) as an umbrella term and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) as one of its major subcategories, a new diagnostic category was proposed to better reflect the coexistence of metabolic dysfunction and alcohol consumption: MetALD. MetALD identifies individuals with hepatic steatosis and cardiometabolic risk factors whose alcohol intake exceeds MASLD thresholds but remains below the levels typical of alcohol-related liver disease. The prevalence of MetALD in the general population is approximately 4%. Evidence suggests that MetALD is associated with more severe liver-related outcomes and higher all-cause mortality compared to MASLD, although findings are not entirely consistent. Despite these risks, MetALD remains underdiagnosed because alcohol consumption is often self-reported and underestimated due to recall bias, social desirability bias, or stigma. Consequently, managing MetALD requires a multidisciplinary approach addressing both cardiometabolic comorbidities and alcohol-related behavioral factors. MetALD should be viewed not only as a medical condition but also as a disorder with significant behavioral and social dimensions that influence diagnosis, treatment adherence, and long-term outcomes. This review discusses the clinical implications and therapeutic considerations specific to this newly introduced terminology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2922-7499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T22:31:01Z","timestamp":1790202661000},"page":"1281-1290","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MetALD: Terminology, Implications, and Therapeutic Considerations"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Eda","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum, NRW, Germany","place":["Bochum"],"department":["Department of Medicine, Knappschaft Kliniken University Hospital Bochum"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamad Amer","family":"Nashtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum, NRW, Germany","place":["Bochum"],"department":["Department of Medicine, Knappschaft Kliniken University Hospital Bochum"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henriette","family":"Kreimeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum, NRW, Germany","place":["Bochum"],"department":["Department of Medicine, Knappschaft Kliniken University Hospital Bochum"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6069-7899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Canbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum, NRW, Germany","place":["Bochum"],"department":["Department of Medicine, Knappschaft Kliniken University Hospital Bochum"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431","article-title":"Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease \u2013 Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, 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