{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T23:52:18Z","timestamp":1791589938924,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neugeborenendurchfall beim Kalb ist h\u00e4ufig mit schweren metabolischen St\u00f6rungen assoziiert, insbesondere mit D-Laktatazidose und Hyperkali\u00e4mie. Diese k\u00f6nnen zu Schw\u00e4che, Apathie und im Falle einer D-Laktatazidose zu neurologischen Ausfallserscheinungen wie einer Beeintr\u00e4chtigung des Lidreflexes f\u00fchren. Eine ausgepr\u00e4gte Hyperkali\u00e4mie kann mit potenziell lebensbedrohlichen kardialen Reizleitungsst\u00f6rungen einhergehen. Der vorliegende zweite Teil dieses \u00dcbersichtsartikels gibt einen narrativen \u00dcberblick \u00fcber therapeutische Ans\u00e4tze sowie die prognostische Bedeutung dieser zentralen Stoffwechselst\u00f6rungen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Die Korrektur einer metabolischen Azidose ist in der Therapie von K\u00e4lbern mit Neugeborenendurchfall von entscheidender Bedeutung. Die orale Rehydratation mittels Verabreichung von pufferhaltigen Elektrolyttr\u00e4nken stellt bei noch trinkenden K\u00e4lbern die einfachste und billigste Therapieform dar. F\u00fcr die intraven\u00f6se Korrektur einer metabolischen Azidose ist Natriumbikarbonat die Substanz der Wahl. Ad\u00e4quate Therapiema\u00dfnahmen k\u00f6nnen auch unter Praxisbedingungen anhand der Beurteilung des Stehverm\u00f6gens, des klinischen Dehydratationsgrades und der Auspr\u00e4gung des Lidreflexes getroffen werden. Liegen ein Enophthalmus (Spaltbildung zwischen Nickhaut und Caruncula lacrimalis von 3\u20134\u2009mm) oder Hinweise auf eine metabolische Azidose (Einschr\u00e4nkung des Stehverm\u00f6gens oder Beeintr\u00e4chtigungen des Lidreflexes) vor, ist eine Infusionstherapie angezeigt. Sturzinfusionen mit hypertonen, natriumbikarbonathaltigen L\u00f6sungen in Kombination mit oralen Elektrolyttr\u00e4nken eignen sich insbesondere f\u00fcr K\u00e4lber mit klinischen Zeichen einer Azidose ohne Enophthalmus. Bei K\u00e4lbern mit Enophthalmus wird die Infusion eines gr\u00f6\u00dferen Volumens kristalliner Infusionsl\u00f6sungen empfohlen. Die initiale intraven\u00f6se Verabreichung von hypertonen natriumhaltigen Infusionsl\u00f6sungen weist f\u00fcr die Stabilisierung von K\u00e4lbern mit klinischen Anzeichen einer Hyperkali\u00e4mie ebenfalls Vorteile auf, da sich dadurch die kardiotoxischen Effekte rasch aufheben lassen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Laborwerte sind allgemein f\u00fcr die Absch\u00e4tzung der Prognose bei K\u00e4lbern mit Neugeborenendurchfall von begrenztem Nutzen. Auch bei K\u00e4lbern mit ausgepr\u00e4gten metabolischen St\u00f6rungen kann sich ein Behandlungsversuch lohnen, solange keine schwerwiegenden Begleit- und Folgeerkrankungen vorliegen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2923-2662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T23:18:41Z","timestamp":1791587921000},"page":"341-352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["St\u00f6rungen des S\u00e4ure-Basen- und Kaliumhaushalts bei K\u00e4lbern mit Neugeborenendurchfall"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Florian M.","family":"Trefz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Wiederk\u00e4uer mit Ambulanz und Bestandsbetreuung, Zentrum f\u00fcr klinische Tiermedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Lorch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Wiederk\u00e4uer mit Ambulanz und Bestandsbetreuung, Zentrum f\u00fcr klinische Tiermedizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Lorenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tiergesundheitsdienst Bayern e.V., Poing"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182938","article-title":"Clinical signs, profound acidemia, hypoglycemia, and hypernatremia are predictive of mortality in 1,400 critically ill neonatal calves with diarrhea","volume":"12","author":"F M Trefz","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12556","article-title":"Quantitative physicochemical analysis of acid-base balance and clinical utility of anion gap and strong ion gap in 806 neonatal calves with 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