{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:50:58Z","timestamp":1791244258176,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cavernous malformations (CMs) are relatively common in the brain parenchyma, whereas lesions strictly confined to the optic canal are exceptionally rare. Although only a few intracanalicular vascular malformations have been reported, detailed descriptions of pure optic canal CMs remain scarce. We report a pure optic canal CM successfully managed by endoscopic endonasal surgery to further highlight the surgical feasibility and clinical efficacy of this strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A 48-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of progressive right visual decline that accelerated shortly before admission. Ophthalmological examinations showed decreased best-corrected visual acuity, a relative afferent pupillary defect, concentric visual field narrowing, and thinning of the ganglion cell layer on optical coherence tomography. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a well-circumscribed, homogeneously gadolinium-enhancing mass entirely within the right optic canal, whereas computed tomography showed no calcification or canal enlargement. Vision improved transiently after systemic corticosteroids but relapsed with tapering, suggesting a compressive lesion. Given the rapid progression of vision loss, endoscopic endonasal surgery was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Through a right nasal approach, the optic canal was unroofed and a dark-reddish, well-circumscribed lesion with minimal adhesion was removed en bloc. There was negligible blood loss and no intraoperative or postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage. A CM was confirmed by histopathology. Postoperatively, visual acuity and field recovered fully, and MRI confirmed gross total resection with complete decompression of the optic nerve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This case adds an additional well-documented example of a pure optic canal CM and supports the endoscopic endonasal approach as a safe and useful option for achieving complete resection with excellent visual recovery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2926-6052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T22:57:51Z","timestamp":1788476271000},"page":"476-483","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of a Pure Optic Canal Cavernous Malformation Presenting as Progressive Optic Neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"87","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3642-0367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Tanioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyunichiro","family":"Kizaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Kizaki Eye Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikuya","family":"Natori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsubasa","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Morofuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiya","family":"Fukuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Onda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayumi","family":"Homma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 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