{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:08:40Z","timestamp":1788995320319,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Purpose To determine whether the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) and triglyceride\u2013glucose (TyG) index reflect a graded systemic inflammatory and metabolic burden across the pseudoexfoliation spectrum and to compare their discriminatory performance with conventional hematologic ratios.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included 170 adults classified as controls (n = 60), pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEXS; n = 60), or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG; n = 50). Demographic variables, comorbidities, complete blood count parameters, and fasting triglyceride and glucose values were extracted from medical records. PIV and TyG indices were calculated using established formulas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results Both PIV and the TyG index demonstrated a significant, stepwise increase across groups (Control &lt; PEXS &lt; PEXG; p &lt; 0.001). All pairwise comparisons were significant, with the highest values observed in the PEXG group. The neutrophil\u2013lymphocyte ratio was elevated in the PEXS and PEXG groups versus controls (p \u2264 0.005) but did not differ significantly between PEXS and PEXG. The platelet\u2013lymphocyte ratio and monocyte\u2013lymphocyte ratio showed no significant group differences. Routine metabolic parameters, including fasting glucose and triglycerides, were comparable among groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions PIV and the TyG index appear to sensitively reflect the systemic inflammatory\u2013metabolic gradient across the pseudoexfoliation spectrum and showed stronger discriminatory performance than traditional hematologic ratios in this cross-sectional cohort. Given their simplicity, low cost, and accessibility, these indices represent promising candidate biomarkers for the pseudoexfoliation spectrum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2947-6724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T23:00:55Z","timestamp":1788217255000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Systemic Inflammatory and Metabolic Indices in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Glaucoma: The Role of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value and Triglyceride\u2013Glucose Index"],"prefix":"10.1055","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0567-8449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muge","family":"Toprak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kocaeli City Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey","place":["Izmit"],"department":["Department of Ophthalmology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayati","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maltepe University Hospital, 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Wan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-024-03767-1","article-title":"Evaluation of pseudoexfoliation syndrome patients with systemic immune indexes","volume":"24","author":"\u00d6 \u00d6zer","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2025.06.10","article-title":"Hematological inflammation biomarkers in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma","volume":"18","author":"A C Yilmaz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S393","DOI":"10.4103\/IJO.IJO_914_23","article-title":"The use of calprotectin and other inflammatory parameters in the investigation of pseudoexfoliation syndrome concomitant glaucoma and systemic diseases","volume":"72","author":"E 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