{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:07Z","timestamp":1790121607608,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","funder":[{"name":"ERAPerMed","award":["JTC_2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JTC_2021"]}]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain","award":["CB06\/06\/1088, AC21_2\/00039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB06\/06\/1088, AC21_2\/00039"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ca2c886","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Funds, Fundaci\u00f3n Canaria Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Canarias, Spain","award":["PIFIISC24\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIFIISC24\/22"]}]},{"name":"Asociaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica Pulm\u00f3n y Ventilaci\u00f3n Mec\u00e1nica, Spain."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Respir Crit Care Med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Oxygen therapy is essential in critically ill cardiac patients, but its use requires careful titration. Hypoxemia (as defined by an oxygen partial pressure\/fraction of inspired oxygen [PaO2\/FiO2] &lt;\u2009300) can worsen myocardial ischemia, precipitate arrhythmias, aggravate shock, and contribute to secondary neurological injury after cardiac arrest. Conversely, unnecessary hyperoxemia may increase oxidative stress, promote coronary and systemic vasoconstriction, impair microcirculatory flow, and affect hemodynamics. This narrative review summarizes the physiological basis of oxygen as a cardiovascular intervention and discusses the evidence guiding oxygen use in acute coronary syndromes, cardiac arrest, postresuscitation care, acute heart failure, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, cardiac surgery, and cardiac intensive care. Oxygen should be administered immediately when hypoxemia, respiratory distress, shock, cardiac arrest, or peri-intubation instability is present. After stabilization, the FiO2 should be reduced to maintain adequate oxygenation while avoiding supraphysiological arterial PaO2 (&gt;\u2009100\u2009mm Hg). Bedside decisions could integrate peripheral oxygen saturation and PaO2 plus hemoglobin concentration, cardiac output, perfusion, lactate, acid\u2013base status, respiratory effort, and the clinical trajectory. In cardiac critical care, oxygen should be prescribed as a titrated therapy with a clear indication, device, target range, monitoring plan, and criteria for escalation or de-escalation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2960-4026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T23:19:04Z","timestamp":1789600744000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oxygen Supplementation and Hyperoxia in Critically Ill Cardiac Patients"],"prefix":"10.1055","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4620-215X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Campanella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital F. Spaziani, Lazio, Italy","place":["Frosinone"],"department":["Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9341-4899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Guglielmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital M.G. Vannini, Lazio, Italy","place":["Rome"],"department":["Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Villar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud, Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Spain","place":["Madrid"]},{"name":"Research Unit at Hospital Universitario Dr. Negr\u00edn, Fundaci\u00f3n Canarias Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Canarias, Canary Islands, Spain","place":["Las Palmas de Gran Canaria"]},{"name":"Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Ontario, Canada","place":["Toronto"]},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad del Atl\u00e1ntico Medio, Canary Islands, Spain","place":["Las Palmas de Gran Canaria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Ferrando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud, Carlos III, Community of Madrid, Spain","place":["Madrid"]},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer, Spain","place":["Barcelona"],"department":["Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30479-3","article-title":"Mortality and morbidity in acutely ill adults treated with liberal versus conservative oxygen therapy (IOTA): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"391","author":"D K Chu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1706222","article-title":"Oxygen therapy in suspected acute myocardial infarction","volume":"377","author":"R Hofmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J 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