{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:52:15Z","timestamp":1791417135704,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"CP","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union","award":["101115742"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101115742"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/019w4f821","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Endosc Int Open"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background and Study Aim Advanced endoscopic imaging technologies are routinely optimized and validated using vertebrate animal models. We present a novel, high-throughput insect model that provides a biologically realistic, reproducible, and ethically unproblematic alternative for evaluating endoscopic imaging modalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods\n               Manduca sexta larvae (fifth instar, 6.6 \u00b1 0.23 g) were used for the demonstration of endoscopic imaging. Healthy controls (n = 27) were compared with chemically (5% dextran sodium sulfate, n = 20) and bacterially (Bacillus thuringiensis, n = 33) induced gut inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results Small-animal endoscopic imaging was readily feasible and revealed distinct anatomical features of M. sexta larvae. Animals with chemical-induced inflammation exhibited rectal swelling, melanization throughout the intestine, and increased transparency of the midgut epithelium. In comparison, bacterially induced inflammation resulted in intestinal swelling, a less extensive transparent membrane, melanization, and lesions in the hindgut and posterior midgut.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion Endoscopic imaging of the intestinal tract of M. sexta larvae enabled a comprehensive examination of the internal anatomy under different inflammatory conditions. M. sexta larvae provide a suitable in vivo platform for studying intestinal inflammation over time. The model offers high survival rates, strong reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness, supporting the reduction of vertebrate animal experiments in accordance with the Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement principles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2967-5493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:42:11Z","timestamp":1791416531000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"S","title":["An in vivo Insect-based Platform for Preclinical Endoscopic Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Anton G.","family":"Windfelder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Giessen, Germany","place":["Giessen"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (Experimental Radiology)"]},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME Branch for Bioresources, HE, Germany","place":["Giessen"],"department":["Department of Bioresources"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4189-0671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Vogt-Wolz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, BY, Germany","place":["Erlangen"],"department":["Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6973-0478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronaldo A.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, BY, Germany","place":["Erlangen"],"department":["Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian P.","family":"Regensburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, BY, Germany","place":["Erlangen"],"department":["Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benno","family":"Weigman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, BY, Germany","place":["Erlangen"],"department":["Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, BY, Germany","place":["Erlangen"],"department":["Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian J.","family":"Waldner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, BY, Germany","place":["Erlangen"],"department":["Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"W\u00f6lfle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Erlangen, BY, Germany","place":["Erlangen"],"department":["Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele A.","family":"Krombach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Giessen, Germany","place":["Giessen"],"department":["Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (Experimental Radiology)"]},{"name":"Biruni University, Turkey","place":["Istanbul"],"department":["Department of 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