{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T00:35:06Z","timestamp":1788568506387,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,10]],"date-time":"2014-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Literature review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To discuss the evaluation and management of fixed sagittal plane imbalance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive literature review was performed on the preoperative evaluation of patients with sagittal plane malalignment, as well as the surgical strategies to address sagittal plane deformity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sagittal plane imbalance is often caused by de novo scoliosis or iatrogenic flat back deformity. Understanding the etiology and magnitude of sagittal malalignment is crucial in realignment planning. Objective parameters have been developed to guide surgeons in determining how much correction is needed to achieve favorable outcomes. Currently, the goals of surgery are to restore a sagittal vertical axis\u2009&lt;\u20095 cm, pelvic tilt\u2009&lt;\u200920 degrees, and lumbar lordosis equal to pelvic incidence\u2009\u00b1\u20099 degrees.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sagittal plane malalignment is an increasingly recognized cause of pain and disability. Treatment of sagittal plane imbalance varies according to the etiology, location, and severity of the deformity. Fixed sagittal malalignment often requires complex reconstructive procedures that include osteotomy correction. Reestablishing harmonious spinopelvic alignment is associated with significant improvement in health-related quality-of-life outcome measures and patient satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1394126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,10]],"date-time":"2014-10-10T18:45:28Z","timestamp":1412966728000},"page":"287-295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Fixed Sagittal Plane Imbalance"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Jason W.","family":"Savage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alpesh A.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University 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