{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:53:49Z","timestamp":1785372829310,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]],"date-time":"2015-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"\n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n Prospective study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n Because single-level disk arthroplasty or arthrodesis in the lower subaxial spine improves headaches after surgery, we studied whether this effect may be better appreciated after two-level arthroplasty.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We performed an independent post hoc analysis of two concurrent prospective randomized investigational device exemption trials for cervical spondylosis, one for single-level treatment and the other for two adjacent-level treatments.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n For the one-level study, baseline mean headache scores significantly improved at 60 months for both the cervical disk arthroplasty (CDA) and anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF) groups ( p\u2009<\u20090.0001). However, mean improvement in headache scores was not statistically different between the investigational and control groups from 6 months through 60 months. For the two-level study, baseline mean headache scores significantly improved at 60 months for both the CDA and ACDF groups ( p\u2009<\u20090.0001). The CDA group demonstrated greater improvement from baseline at all points; this difference was statistically significant at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months but not at 18 and 60 months.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Both CDA and ACDF at either one or two levels are associated with sustained headache relief from baseline. Patients undergoing two-level arthroplasty had significantly greater improvement in headache at all points except for at 18 and 60 months. This difference in improvement was not observed in patients undergoing single-level arthroplasty. The mechanism of greater headache relief after two-level arthroplasty remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1570086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]],"date-time":"2015-12-15T20:32:38Z","timestamp":1450211558000},"page":"563-570","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Relief of Cervicogenic Headaches after Single-Level and Multilevel Anterior Cervical Diskectomy: A 5-Year Post Hoc Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Jonathan J.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert","family":"Cadena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ripul R.","family":"Panchal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolph J.","family":"Schrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sutter Neuroscience Institute, Sacramento, California, United States; Touro University, Vallejo, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kee D.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1983.0304249.x"},{"key":"bibr2-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01385.x"},{"key":"bibr3-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70209-1"},{"key":"bibr4-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2008.01609.x"},{"key":"bibr5-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2008.01610.x"},{"key":"bibr6-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2002.00293.x"},{"key":"bibr7-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2007.48.3.457"},{"key":"bibr8-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00500"},{"key":"bibr9-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.4.SPINE13669"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr10-s-0035-1570086","first-page":"71","volume":"13","author":"Sjaastad O","year":"1998","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr11-s-0035-1570086","first-page":"17","volume":"18","author":"Torbj\u00f8rn A F","year":"2003","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"key":"bibr12-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000185"},{"key":"bibr13-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318278eb38"},{"key":"bibr14-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318059af12"},{"key":"bibr15-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181ec5c7d"},{"key":"bibr16-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.02.046"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr17-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.6.SPINE12527","volume":"19","author":"Davis R J","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"bibr18-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195436050-00007"},{"key":"bibr19-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-0268-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr20-s-0035-1570086","first-page":"319","volume":"75","author":"Pearce J M","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr21-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2014.02.029"},{"key":"bibr22-s-0035-1570086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200210150-00011"}],"container-title":["Global Spine Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0035-1570086","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1055\/s-0035-1570086","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0035-1570086","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:18:09Z","timestamp":1777447089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1055\/s-0035-1570086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1055\/s-0035-1570086"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1570086","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-5682","2192-5690"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-5682","type":"print"},{"value":"2192-5690","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]]}}}