{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T18:59:36Z","timestamp":1702580376722},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Aim\u2003The high incidence of cardiac malformations in humans and animal models with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is well known. The hypoplasia of left heart is common among fetuses with CDH and has been identified as a poor prognostic factor. However, the precise mechanisms underlying cardiac maldevelopment in CDH are not fully understood. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) plays a key role in cardiomyocyte polarity and embryonic heart development. Deficiency of Rac1 is reported to impair elongation and cytoskeletal organization of cardiomyocytes, resulting in congenital cardiac defects. We designed this study to test the hypothesis that Rac1 expression is downregulated in the developing hearts of rats with nitrofen-induced CDH.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Materials and Methods\u2003Following ethical approval (REC1103), time-pregnant Sprague Dawley rats received nitrofen or vehicle on gestational day 9 (D9). Fetuses were sacrificed on D18 and D21 and divided into CDH and control (CTRL) (n\u2009=\u20096 for each group and time point). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and confocal\u2013immunofluorescence microscopy were performed to detect cardiac gene and protein expression of Rac1.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Main Results\u2003qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis revealed that Rac1 expression was significantly decreased in the CDH group compared with controls (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Confocal\u2013immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that Rac1 cardiac expression was markedly decreased in the CDH group compared with controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion\u2003Decreased cardiac Rac1 expression in the nitrofen-induced CDH suggests that Rac1 deficiency during morphogenesis may impair structural cardiac remodeling, resulting in congenital cardiac defects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1604025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]],"date-time":"2017-07-06T23:29:58Z","timestamp":1499383798000},"page":"120-124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Decreased Rac1 Cardiac Expression in Nitrofen-Induced Diaphragmatic Hernia"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Zimmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover Zentrum Chirurgie, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prem","family":"Puri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Children's Research Centre, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Newman Clinical Research Professor University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]]},"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatric Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0037-1604025.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,19]],"date-time":"2018-01-19T23:31:21Z","timestamp":1516404681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0037-1604025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0037-1604025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-7248","1439-359X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-7248","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-359X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]]}}}