{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T22:14:51Z","timestamp":1787004891599,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Federa\u00e7\u00e3o das Associa\u00e7\u00f5es de Ginecologia e Obstetr\u00edcia","issue":"02","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Interstitial cystitis (IC), including bladder pain syndrome (BPS), is a chronic and debilitating disease that mainly affects women. It is characterized by pelvic pain associated with urinary urgency, frequency, nocturia and negative urine culture, with normal cytology. In 2009, the Society for Urodynamics and Female Urology (SUFU) defined the term IC\/BPS as \u201can unpleasant sensation (pain, pressure, and discomfort) perceived to be related to the urinary bladder, associated with lower urinary tract symptoms for more than 6 weeks duration, in the absence of infection or other identifiable causes.\u201d This is the definition used by the American Urological Association (AUA) in the most recent guidelines on IC\/BPS. Interstitial cystitis may be sufficiently severe to have a devastating effect on the quality of life, but it may also be associated with moderate symptoms whose effects are less debilitating. Although there are several clinical trials to assess oral and intravesical therapies, the treatment for IC remains far from ideal. This systematic assessment evaluates published randomized clinical trials on oral medications used to treat symptoms of BPS. This study was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) method. Two independent reviewers screened the studies to determine their inclusion or exclusion and to perform the methodological analysis. The inclusion criteria included randomized studies published between April of 1988 and April of 2016 that used oral medications to treat symptoms of BPS or IC. According to the systematic review performed, we should consider pentosan polysulfate as one of the best options of oral drugs for the treatment of BPS symptoms. However, this drug is not an available option in Brazil. Orally administered amitriptyline is an efficacious medical treatment for BPS, and it should be the first treatment offered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1609049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T18:44:09Z","timestamp":1513277049000},"page":"096-102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Systematic Review of Oral Therapy for the Treatment of Symptoms of Bladder Pain Syndrome: The Brazilian Guidelines"],"prefix":"10.61622","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Tha\u00eds Guimar\u00e3es dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"},{"name":"Sector of Gynecology, Hospital S\u00e3o Lucas da PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabela Albuquerque Severo de","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sector of Gynecology, Hospital S\u00e3o Lucas da PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiana Campani","family":"Nygaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sector of Gynecology, Hospital S\u00e3o Lucas da PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Schreiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"},{"name":"Sector of Gynecology, Hospital S\u00e3o Lucas da PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo de Aquino","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge Milhen","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"47794","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000132388.54703.4d","article-title":"A prospective, randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study of amitriptyline for the treatment of interstitial cystitis","volume":"172","author":"A van Ophoven","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)61950-5","article-title":"A randomized double-blind trial of oral L-arginine for treatment of interstitial cystitis","volume":"161","author":"G E 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