{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:44:32Z","timestamp":1790361872849,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"08","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thromb Haemost"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Background\u2003Carotid atherosclerosis is an important cause of stroke. Intra-plaque haemorrhage (IPH) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) increases stroke risk. Development of IPH is only partly understood. Thrombin is an essential enzyme in haemostasis. Experimental animal studies have shown conflicting results on the relation between thrombin and plaque vulnerability. We hypothesize that decreased thrombin generation (TG) is associated with IPH and plaque vulnerability.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Objective\u2003This article investigates whether TG is associated with IPH and other features of plaque vulnerability in stroke patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Methods\u2003Recently symptomatic stroke patients underwent carotid MRI and blood sampling. MRI plaque features include plaque burden, presence of IPH, amount of lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), calcified tissue and fibrous tissue (% of total wall volume). TG was assessed in platelet-poor plasma and expressed as: peak height (PH) and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP). MR images could be analysed in 224 patients. Blood samples were available in 161 of 224 patients. Binary multivariate logistic and linear regression were used to investigate the association between TG and MRI plaque features.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results\u2003IPH and LRNC were present in 65 (40%) and 102 (63%) of plaques. There were no significant associations between TG and IPH; PH odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20091, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76 to 1.45 and ETP OR\u2009=\u20091, 95% CI: 0.73 to 1.37. After correction for age, sex and hypercholesterolaemia, the association was weak but non-significant; PH: OR\u2009=\u20090.76, 95% CI: 0.52 to 1.10 and ETP: OR\u2009=\u20090.73, 95% CI: 0.53 to 1.37.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion\u2003Features of carotid plaque on MRI show no significant association with TG in stroke patients. Systemic TG does not seem to be an important factor in IPH development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1666858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T19:17:07Z","timestamp":1530731827000},"page":"1461-1469","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["No Association between Thrombin Generation and Intra-Plaque Haemorrhage in Symptomatic Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques: The Plaque at RISK (PARISK) Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Genevi\u00e8ve","family":"Crombag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henri","family":"Spronk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patty","family":"Nelemans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Floris","family":"Schreuder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Truijman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anouk","family":"van Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"de Rotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madieke","family":"Liem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mat","family":"Daemen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"van der Steen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Mess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Nederkoorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Hendrikse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aad","family":"van der Lugt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Wildberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"ten Cate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Thrombosis and Haemostasis Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"van Oostenbrugge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kooi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]]},"container-title":["Thrombosis and Haemostasis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0038-1666858.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T16:48:42Z","timestamp":1557161322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0038-1666858"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"08","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0038-1666858","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-6245","2567-689X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-6245","type":"print"},{"value":"2567-689X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]]}}}