{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T21:42:45Z","timestamp":1787694165320,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003This study aimed to identify characteristics of women at risk of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that fail to receive early pregnancy screening.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Study Design\u2003This was a retrospective case\u2013control study of at-risk women who initiated care at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill at &lt;21 weeks from January 2015 to December 2015. In 2013, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American Diabetes Association recommended women with prior GDM, glucose intolerance, or body mass index (BMI) \u2265 30\u2009kg\/m2 receive early pregnancy screening for undiagnosed T2DM. We defined early screening as 1-hour 50-g glucose challenge test or hemoglobin A1c at &lt;21 weeks' gestation. Cases were women who did not have early screening, and controls were women who did. Modified Poisson regression with robust error variance estimated relative risks of factors associated with missed early screening.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Of the 1,932 women who initiated care at &lt;21 weeks, 257 (13%) women were at risk of undiagnosed T2DM and, thus, candidates for early screening. However, 129 (50.2%) women were not screened. Higher BMI and prior GDM were associated with a lower relative risk of missed screening.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Higher BMI and prior GDM increased the likelihood of early diabetes screening, but only half of at-risk women were screened. Provider education and best practice alert systems are needed to increase screening for undiagnosed T2DM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1694727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,17]],"date-time":"2019-08-17T22:34:20Z","timestamp":1566081260000},"page":"023-027","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Missed Opportunities for Early Diabetes Screening in Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4837-8059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley N.","family":"Battarbee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximiliano","family":"Cavallini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim A.","family":"Boggess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2017","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2017"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)90608-5","article-title":"Progression of diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy: association with hypertension in pregnancy","volume":"166","author":"B Rosenn","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(95)00420-3","article-title":"Perinatal outcome and long-term follow-up associated with modern management of diabetic nephropathy","volume":"87","author":"M Gordon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70225-0","article-title":"Risks of preeclampsia and adverse neonatal outcomes among women with pregestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"182","author":"B M Sibai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4284","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1231","article-title":"Maternal and fetal outcome in women with type 2 versus type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and metaanalysis","volume":"94","author":"M Balsells","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23548","article-title":"Congenital abnormalities in newborns of women with pregestational diabetes: a time-trend analysis, 1994 to 2009","volume":"106","author":"M M Agha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90637-7","article-title":"Maternal postprandial glucose levels and infant birth weight: the Diabetes in Early Pregnancy Study. 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