{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T12:30:17Z","timestamp":1774701017751,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Cranialization or obliteration is widely accepted intervention for traumatic or intentional breach of the frontal sinus. These techniques, however, result in the loss of frontal sinus function and have a persistent risk of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and mucocele. Compartmentalization is an open technique for repair of the frontal sinus using allograft onlay and a vascularized periosteal flap that allows for preservation of frontal sinus function.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003The main objective of this article is to describe the technique for compartmentalization of the frontal sinus and demonstrate its efficacy and complication rate with an early patient series.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003Our technique includes the following key components: harvesting of a pedicled periosteal flap, frontal sinus repair through a bifrontal craniotomy with minimal mucosa removal, ensuring the patency of the nasal frontal outflow tract, and separation of the brain from the frontal sinus with a dual layer of periosteum and allograft.<\/jats:p><jats:p>All cases of frontal sinus repair using the compartmentalization technique at our institution were reviewed. Charts were reviewed for CSF leak, mucocele, and other complications.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Twenty-three patients underwent the described frontal sinus repair technique 17 for tumor and 6 for trauma. There were no CSF leaks and no mucoceles. One patient experienced postoperative anemia and a \u201cparameningeal reaction\u201d that were managed with a short course of antibiotics.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions\u2003Compartmentalization, due to its sinus preservation and low complication rate, represents a meaningful step forward in neurosurgical technique for open frontal sinus repair. However, long-term outcomes are necessary to fully evaluate risk of mucocele.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1696683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]],"date-time":"2019-09-12T22:44:15Z","timestamp":1568328255000},"page":"189-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Compartmentalization: An Open Technique for Frontal Sinus Repair and Preservation\u2014Description of Technique and Early Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Christopher","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Weisbrod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Beahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roukoz","family":"Chamoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Use of titanium mesh in comminuted fractures of frontal sinus anterior wall","volume":"23","author":"L Corina","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref2","first-page":"87","article-title":"The Riedel procedure\u2014an analysis of 22 cases","volume":"3","author":"W Lawson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archives of Otolaryngology and Rhinology."},{"issue":"09","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215042244831","article-title":"The place of Riedel's procedure in contemporary sinus surgery","volume":"118","author":"U Raghavan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.6.665","article-title":"Titanium mesh repair of the severely comminuted frontal sinus fracture","volume":"127","author":"R S Lakhani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31818d58ba","article-title":"Twenty-six-year experience treating frontal sinus fractures: a novel algorithm based on anatomical fracture pattern and failure of conventional techniques","volume":"122","author":"E D Rodriguez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2006.05.058","article-title":"A protocol for the management of frontal sinus fractures emphasizing sinus preservation","volume":"65","author":"R B Bell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2014.12.023","article-title":"Breach of posterior wall of frontal sinus: management with preservation of the sinus","volume":"83","author":"J L Freeman","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1974.41.2.0200","article-title":"Primary reconstruction of depressed frontal skull fractures including those involving the sinus, orbit, and cribriform plate","volume":"41","author":"J Nadell","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-197802000-00002","article-title":"Compound frontal sinus injuries with intracranial penetration","volume":"88","author":"P J Donald","year":"1978","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref10","volume-title":"The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus, Volume 1: Hieroglyphic Transliteration, Translation, and Commentary","author":"JH B","year":"1930"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E5","DOI":"10.3171\/FOC-07\/07\/E5","article-title":"Decision making in head injury management in the Edwin Smith Papyrus","volume":"23","author":"G M Sanchez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"1","volume-title":"History of frontal sinus surgery","author":"H H Ramadan","year":"2005"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000226009.00145.85","article-title":"Management of frontal sinus fractures: a review of 96 cases","volume":"116","author":"D G Gossman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1982.00790510014003","article-title":"Frontal sinus ablation by cranialization. Report of 21 cases","volume":"108","author":"P J Donald","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.3.FOCUS1266","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid fistula prevention and treatment following frontal sinus fractures: a review of initial management and outcomes","volume":"32","author":"B Castro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182589d91","article-title":"A 10-year review of frontal sinus fractures: clinical outcomes of conservative management of posterior table fractures","volume":"130","author":"M Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1054\/jcms.2000.0134","article-title":"Analysis of 158 frontal sinus fractures: current surgical management and complications","volume":"28","author":"G Gerbino","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198806000-00002","article-title":"Frontal sinus fractures: a review of 72 cases","volume":"98","author":"A Wallis","year":"1988","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2004.04.007","article-title":"The frontal sinus: a culprit or a victim? A review of 40 cases","volume":"32","author":"K El Khatib","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2008.12.003","article-title":"Management of frontal sinus fractures","volume":"21","author":"R B Bell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref21","first-page":"7","article-title":"30-year retrospective review of frontal sinus fractures: The Charity Hospital experience","volume":"6","author":"C Xie","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Trauma"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000083333.93868.AB","article-title":"Endoscopically assisted repair of frontal sinus fracture","volume":"55","author":"D J Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215054797961","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"119","author":"B A Woodworth","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000238076.32276.da","article-title":"Endoscopic-assisted reduction of anterior table frontal sinus fractures","volume":"116","author":"J D Steiger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812462547","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic repair of posterior table fractures","volume":"147","author":"M R Chaaban","year":"2012","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21897","article-title":"Changing the surgical dogma in frontal sinus trauma: transnasal endoscopic repair","volume":"7","author":"J W Grayson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181cfe87a","article-title":"Experience in the management of frontal sinus fractures","volume":"21","author":"M Tedaldi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2001.113662","article-title":"Frontal sinus obliteration with the pericranial flap","volume":"124","author":"A Parhiscar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198605000-00016","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of bacterial inoculation in musculocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps","volume":"77","author":"W Calderon","year":"1986","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0039-1696683.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T23:34:13Z","timestamp":1616542453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0039-1696683"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0039-1696683","relation":{},"ISSN":["2193-6331","2193-634X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2193-6331","type":"print"},{"value":"2193-634X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]]}}}