{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T08:25:12Z","timestamp":1778660712902,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","funder":[{"name":"Qihang Fund from Fujian Medical University","award":["2016Q120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016Q120"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003This study aimed to report our experience in superior vena cava (SVC) resection and reconstruction for 22 thymic tumor patients and to make comparisons with previous related reports.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003A retrospective study on 22 patients (15 thymomas, 7 thymic cancers) who underwent tumor resection with concomitant SVC reconstruction. All the patients underwent vascular conduit reconstruction by the cross-clamping technique. The corresponding data were reviewed, including clinical presentation, operation management (surgery procedure, selection of suitable graft, strategies against SVC syndrome, etc.), postoperative cares (antithrombotic agent application, treatments on brain edema, etc.), and follow-up information.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Result\u2003Two patients were myasthenic, well controlled by oral pyridostigmine. All resections were radical (R0). Ten patients received induction treatment. All the 15 thymoma patients were Masaoka stage III (type B1\u2013B3). As for thymic cancer, six patients were Masaoka stage III and one was stage IVa. Wedge pulmonary resection was performed in three patients (two right upper lobe, one both upper lobe). Procedures included were single graft replacement in 12 patients, bilateral grafts in 9, and Y-shaped graft in 1 patient. Anticoagulation and dehydration agents were routinely applied after operation. No perioperative mortalities were observed. Major complication rate was 9.1%. The median survival time was 44.2 months (range, 4\u201392 months). Three- and 5-year overall survival rates were 80.8 and 44.0%, respectively. As for conduit patency, two grafts (9.1%) demonstrated evidence of occlusion during long-term follow-up, but no additional interventions were required due to no complications related.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Our study, confirming data from existing literature, showed that the prosthetic reconstruction of the SVC system is a feasible additional procedure during resection of thymic tumor infiltrating the venous mediastinal axis, minimally increasing postoperative complications in experienced hands.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-3401044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:54:06Z","timestamp":1580518446000},"page":"165-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prosthetic Reconstruction of Superior Vena Cava System for Thymic Tumor: A Retrospective Analysis of 22 Cases"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5683-2653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenglong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minhui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Medical Examination Center, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"08","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31818020eb","article-title":"The International Epidemiology of Lung Cancer: geographical distribution and secular trends","volume":"3","author":"D R Youlden","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2008.08.003","article-title":"Surgical reconstruction of the superior vena cava system: indications and results","volume":"145","author":"J Picquet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.03.03","article-title":"Reconstruction of mediastinal vessels for invasive thymoma: a retrospective analysis of 25 cases","volume":"9","author":"Y Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2007.07.023","article-title":"Superior vena cava reconstruction using bovine jugular vein conduit","volume":"32","author":"W D L\u00fc","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.12.027","article-title":"Surgical management of tumors invading the superior vena cava","volume":"85","author":"A Garcia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2002.125646","article-title":"Bovine jugular vein thrombosis in the Fontan circulation","volume":"124","author":"P H Schoof","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2009.10.024","article-title":"Superior vena cava resection in thoracic malignancies: does prosthetic replacement pose a higher risk?","volume":"37","author":"F Leo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1053\/j.optechstcvs.2009.02.004","article-title":"Technique of mediastinal germ cell tumor resection","volume":"14","author":"K A Kesler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oper Tech Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.03.050","article-title":"Prosthetic reconstruction of the superior vena cava for malignant disease: surgical techniques and outcomes","volume":"90","author":"Y Sekine","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2007.01.021","article-title":"Extended pneumonectomy for non-small cell lung cancer: morbidity, mortality, and long-term results","volume":"134","author":"A Borri","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.07.075","article-title":"Superior vena cava resection for lung and mediastinal malignancies: a single-center experience with 70 cases","volume":"83","author":"L Spaggiari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.04.068","article-title":"Review of superior vena cava resection in the management of benign disease and pulmonary or mediastinal malignancies","volume":"88","author":"M Lanuti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.5761\/atcs.oa.13-00050","article-title":"Surgical outcomes after superior vena cava reconstruction with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts","volume":"20","author":"T Nakano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-016-1347-z","article-title":"Patency of grafts after total resection and reconstruction of the superior vena cava for thoracic malignancy","volume":"46","author":"H Oizumi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Today"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.04.004","article-title":"Results of superior vena cava reconstruction with externally stented-polytetrafluoroethylene vascular prostheses","volume":"90","author":"I C Okereke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref16","first-page":"23","article-title":"[Infiltration of the superior vena cava in NSCLC: results of surgical intervention]","volume":"69","author":"T Windisch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pneumologie"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref17","first-page":"61","article-title":"Prosthetic graft interposition of the brachiocephalic veins or superior vena cava combined with resection of malignant tumours: graft patency and risk factors for graft occlusion","volume":"8","author":"G D Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-0009-x","article-title":"Surgical treatment of complex malignant anterior mediastinal tumors invading the superior vena cava","volume":"30","author":"K N Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.04.018","article-title":"Survival and risk factors of surgically treated mediastinal invasion T4 non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"88","author":"H X Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2018.08.060","article-title":"Superior vena cava replacement for thymic malignancies","volume":"107","author":"G Maurizi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-018-0996-9","article-title":"Analysis of surgical treatment of Masaoka stage III-IV thymic epithelial tumors","volume":"66","author":"K Hamanaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29166","article-title":"Postoperative radiotherapy is effective for thymic carcinoma but not for thymoma in stage II and III thymic epithelial tumors: the Japanese Association for Research on the Thymus Database Study","volume":"121","author":"M Omasa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2016.05.048","article-title":"Complete resection of Masaoka stage IVb thymic carcinoma after chemoradiotherapy","volume":"103","author":"H Kayata","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-015-0346-2","article-title":"Radical surgical resection of advanced thymoma and thymic carcinoma infiltrating the heart or great vessels with cardiopulmonary bypass support","volume":"10","author":"M Ried","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2004.05.001","article-title":"Long-term graft patency after replacement of the brachiocephalic veins combined with resection of mediastinal tumors","volume":"129","author":"Y Shintani","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.12.130","article-title":"Superior vena cava replacement combined with venovenous shunt for lung cancer and thymoma: a case series","volume":"10","author":"W Dai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-0791-2","article-title":"Superior vena cava drainage improves upper body oxygenation during veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in sheep","volume":"19","author":"X Hou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref28","first-page":"1077","article-title":"[Temporary bypass with 5-Fr catheter for reconstruction of superior vena cava]","volume":"71","author":"N Shimizu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kyobu Geka"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2010.11.026","article-title":"Surgical treatment of stage III thymic tumors: a multi-institutional review from four Italian centers","volume":"39","author":"G Marulli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2015.08.034","article-title":"Multimodality therapy for locally advanced thymomas: a propensity score-matched cohort study from the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database","volume":"151","author":"G Leuzzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"}],"container-title":["The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0039-3401044.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T06:57:00Z","timestamp":1615877820000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0039-3401044"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0039-3401044","relation":{},"ISSN":["0171-6425","1439-1902"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0171-6425","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-1902","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]]}}}