{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T08:45:40Z","timestamp":1772354740467,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":91,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","award":["35692"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["35692"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\nObjectives\u2003This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of minimum antibacterial values of medicaments used in endodontic regeneration on stem cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nMaterials and Methods\u2003\u201cMinimum inhibitory concentration,\u201d \u201cminimum bactericidal concentration,\u201d and \u201cminimum biofilm inhibitory concentration\u201d of triple and double antibiotic paste, a modified triple antibiotic paste (minocycline replaced by clindamycin), Augmentin, and calcium hydroxide were determined using Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) by microtiter plate method. Direct cytotoxic effects of drugs were evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase and water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 assays using stem cells of apical papilla obtained from immature third molars via enzymatic digestion.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nStatistical Analysis\u2003Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24, one-way analysis of variance and post hoc comparisons. The statistical power was set at p &lt; 0.05.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nResults\u2003All medicaments caused similar cytotoxicity and cell proliferation at \u201cminimum inhibitory concentration\u201d (p &gt; 0.05) except Augmentin which was significantly more toxic than others (p &lt; 0.05). At \u201cminimum bactericidal concentration,\u201d calcium hydroxide was more toxic than other drugs (p &lt; 0.001), but its adverse effect on cell proliferation was the same as Augmentin (p &gt; 0.05). Triple and double antibiotic paste revealed similar favorable effects in terms of toxicity and proliferation rate at most of the tested concentrations (p &gt; 0.05). At \u201cminimum biofilm inhibitory concentration\u201d both the modified paste and Augmentin caused less proliferation rate than triple and double antibiotic paste (p &lt; 0.001and p &lt; 0.05, respectively) and Augmentin induced more cytotoxicity (p &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nConclusions\u2003Considering the antimicrobial potency, triple antibiotic paste seems to be the safest drug for the stem cells of apical papilla, while Augmentin may have some adverse effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-3401369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T18:55:30Z","timestamp":1577818530000},"page":"514-520","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Minimum Antibacterial Values of Different Medicaments Used in Endodontic Regenerative Procedures"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mehrfam","family":"Khoshkhounejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Sobhi Afshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Jabalameli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Emaneini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Sharifian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]]},"container-title":["European Journal of Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0039-3401369.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]],"date-time":"2020-01-02T02:29:50Z","timestamp":1577932190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0039-3401369"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0039-3401369","relation":{},"ISSN":["1305-7456","1305-7464"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1305-7456","type":"print"},{"value":"1305-7464","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}}}