{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:36:45Z","timestamp":1740148605250,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]],"date-time":"2020-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Resumo<\/jats:title><jats:p>A maioria das les\u00f5es do ombro ocorre devido aos movimentos repetitivos acima do n\u00edvel da cabe\u00e7a. Antes de estudar o tratamento dessas les\u00f5es, \u00e9 fundamental que os profissionais de sa\u00fade tenham um entendimento da etiologia e dos mecanismos que causam essas patologias. O ato do arremesso acima do n\u00edvel da cabe\u00e7a exige consider\u00e1vel coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de todo o corpo, desde o momento de gera\u00e7\u00e3o de for\u00e7a at\u00e9 o final do arremesso. O ombro \u00e9 um componente crucial da cadeia cin\u00e9tica da extremidade superior, por transmitir a for\u00e7a gerada na extremidade inferior para o bra\u00e7o e m\u00e3o para produzir velocidade e precis\u00e3o no lan\u00e7amento da bola.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1702958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]],"date-time":"2020-03-24T00:17:18Z","timestamp":1585009038000},"page":"275-280","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ombro do arremessador: Artigo de atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3301-1457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benno","family":"Ejnisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ombro e Cotovelo, Centro de Traumatologia do Esporte, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1623-2071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Henrique Schmidt","family":"Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ombro e Cotovelo, Centro de Traumatologia do Esporte, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6714-8398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leandro Masini","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ombro e Cotovelo, Centro de Traumatologia do Esporte, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4441-4742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Santoro","family":"Belangero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ombro e Cotovelo, Centro de Traumatologia do Esporte, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260022801","article-title":"The role of the scapula in athletic shoulder function","volume":"26","author":"W B Kibler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1080\/026404102753576071","article-title":"Sequential muscle activity and its functional role in the upper extremity and trunk during overarm throwing","volume":"20","author":"M Hirashima","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300011201","article-title":"Current concepts in the rehabilitation of the overhead throwing athlete","volume":"30","author":"K E Wilk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2006.05.007","article-title":"Relationships between throwing mechanics and shoulder distraction in collegiate baseball pitchers","volume":"16","author":"S L Werner","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0000000000000200","article-title":"The Overhead Athletes Shoulder","volume":"26","author":"N Bakshi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Med Arthrosc Rev"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2003.50128","article-title":"The disabled throwing shoulder: spectrum of pathology Part I: pathoanatomy and biomechanics","volume":"19","author":"S S Burkhart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2016.08.014","article-title":"Shoulder Injuries in the Overhead Throwing Athlete","volume":"33","author":"R A Mlynarek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref8","first-page":"110","article-title":"Throwing, the Shoulder, and Human Evolution","volume":"45","author":"J E Kuhn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000361","article-title":"Mechanisms and Treatments for Shoulder Injuries in Overhead Throwing Athletes","volume":"16","author":"J L Zaremski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280022301","article-title":"Injuries to the shoulder in the throwing athlete. Part one: Biomechanics\/pathophysiology\/classification of injury","volume":"28","author":"K Meister","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017170481","article-title":"Shoulder Injuries in the Overhead-Throwing Athlete: Epidemiology, Mechanisms of Injury, and Imaging Findings","volume":"286","author":"D J Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658501300402","article-title":"Biomechanics of baseball pitching. A preliminary report","volume":"13","author":"A M Pappas","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1993.18.2.402","article-title":"Biomechanics of pitching with emphasis upon shoulder kinematics","volume":"18","author":"C J Dillman","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"463","article-title":"Failure of the biceps-superior labral complex (SLAP lesion) in the throwing athlete: a biomechanical model comparing maximal cocking to early deceleration","volume":"9","author":"J E Kuhn","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.50B4.858","article-title":"Experiments on the tensile strength of the anterior capsular structures of the shoulder in man","volume":"50","author":"B Reeves","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2015.11.015","article-title":"The Kinetic Chain Revisited: New Concepts on Throwing Mechanics and Injury","volume":"8","author":"S K Chu","year":"2016","journal-title":"PM R"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-0033(99)00052-2","article-title":"EMG and strength correlates of selected shoulder muscles during rotations of the glenohumeral joint","volume":"15","author":"G David","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659001800604","article-title":"The contribution of the glenohumeral ligaments to anterior stability of the shoulder joint","volume":"18","author":"P W O'Connell","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(05)80024-2","article-title":"Capsular restraints to anterior-posterior motion of the abducted shoulder: a biomechanical study","volume":"4","author":"S J O'Brien","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(98)90196-3","article-title":"The anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament: biomechanical properties from tensile testing in the position of apprehension","volume":"7","author":"P J McMahon","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500504","article-title":"Shoulder motion and laxity in the professional baseball player","volume":"25","author":"L U Bigliani","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658801600604","article-title":"Upper extremity range of motion and isokinetic strength of the internal and external shoulder rotators in major league baseball players","volume":"16","author":"L P Brown","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900502","article-title":"Anterior capsulolabral reconstruction of the shoulder in athletes in overhand sports","volume":"19","author":"F W Jobe","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1351892","article-title":"Dynamic measurements of three-dimensional scapular kinematics: a validation study","volume":"123","author":"A R Karduna","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biomech Eng"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2017.10.049","article-title":"Humeral Retroversion and Capsule Thickening in the Overhead Throwing Athlete: A Systematic Review","volume":"34","author":"J Kay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(05)70300-8","article-title":"Shoulder injuries in overhead athletes. The \u201cdead arm\u201d revisited","volume":"19","author":"S S Burkhart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967118773322","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118773322","article-title":"Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit and Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"J E Johnson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200303000-00008","article-title":"Scapular dyskinesis and its relation to shoulder pain","volume":"11","author":"W B Kibler","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"volume-title":"Biomechanics of the shoulder","year":"1996","author":"M M Pink","key":"ref29"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2001.112954","article-title":"Direct 3-dimensional measurement of scapular kinematics during dynamic movements in vivo","volume":"10","author":"P W McClure","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.28.2.74","article-title":"Scapulothoracic muscle fatigue associated with alterations in scapulohumeral rhythm kinematics during maximum resistive shoulder elevation","volume":"28","author":"K J McQuade","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/00132585-200101000-00006","article-title":"Understanding the linkage system of the upper extremity","volume":"9","author":"M M Pink","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sports Med Arthrosc Rev"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-1124-z","article-title":"Internal rotation deficits affect scapular positioning in baseball players","volume":"468","author":"S J Thomas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-45.1.44","article-title":"Internal rotation and scapular position differences: a comparison of collegiate and high school baseball players","volume":"45","author":"S J Thomas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506288728","article-title":"Evaluation of apparent and absolute supraspinatus strength in patients with shoulder injury using the scapular retraction test","volume":"34","author":"W B Kibler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270061901","article-title":"Effects of simulated scapular protraction on anterior glenohumeral stability","volume":"27","author":"W M Weiser","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2006.2146","article-title":"Scapular dysfunction in throwers with pathologic internal impingement","volume":"36","author":"K G Laudner","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659302100111","article-title":"The strength characteristics of internal and external rotator muscles in professional baseball pitchers","volume":"21","author":"K E Wilk","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2002.36510","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation and treatment of the shoulder in the throwing athlete","volume":"18","author":"R KN Ryu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000517","article-title":"Shoulder Instability in the Overhead Athlete","volume":"17","author":"S F DeFroda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2003.50044","article-title":"Failure of the biceps superior labral complex: a cadaveric biomechanical investigation comparing the late cocking and early deceleration positions of throwing","volume":"19","author":"J E Kuhn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(98)70065-9","article-title":"The peel-back mechanism: its role in producing and extending posterior type II SLAP lesions and its effect on SLAP repair rehabilitation","volume":"14","author":"S S Burkhart","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.09.016","article-title":"External rotation of the glenohumeral joint: ligament restraints and muscle effects in the neutral and abducted positions","volume":"14","author":"J E Kuhn","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(09)80065-7","article-title":"Impingement of the deep surface of the supraspinatus tendon on the posterosuperior glenoid rim: An arthroscopic study","volume":"1","author":"G Walch","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300012501","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder in asymptomatic professional baseball pitchers","volume":"30","author":"A Miniaci","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500305","article-title":"Arthroscopic treatment of partial rotator cuff tears in young athletes. A preliminary report","volume":"25","author":"L Z Payne","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref47","first-page":"963","article-title":"Shoulder pain in the overhand or throwing athlete. The relationship of anterior instability and rotator cuff impingement","volume":"18","author":"F W Jobe","year":"1989","journal-title":"Orthop Rev"},{"issue":"173","key":"ref48","first-page":"117","article-title":"Painful athletic injuries of the shoulder","author":"F W Jobe","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"285","key":"ref49","first-page":"191","article-title":"Scapulothoracic motion in normal shoulders and shoulders with glenohumeral instability and impingement syndrome. A study using Moir\u00e9 topographic analysis","author":"J J Warner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2003.09.005","article-title":"Shoulder electromyography in multidirectional instability","volume":"13","author":"A D Morris","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300011701","article-title":"Osseous adaptation and range of motion at the glenohumeral joint in professional baseball pitchers","volume":"30","author":"H C Crockett","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200605000-00002","article-title":"Posterior capsular contracture of the shoulder","volume":"14","author":"H G Bach","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-8063(95)90128-0","article-title":"Posterior superior glenoid impingement: expanded spectrum","volume":"11","author":"C M Jobe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref54","first-page":"571","article-title":"[Postero-superior glenoid impingement. Another shoulder impingement]","volume":"77","author":"G Walch","year":"1991","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Repar Appar Mot"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(05)70274-1","article-title":"Superior glenoid impingement","volume":"28","author":"C M Jobe","year":"1997","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(00)90125-7","article-title":"Arthroscopic findings in the overhand throwing athlete: evidence for posterior internal impingement of the rotator cuff","volume":"16","author":"K J Paley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref57","first-page":"164","volume-title":"Anterior shoulder instability, impingement, and rotator cuff tear: theories and concepts","author":"C M Jobe","year":"1996"}],"container-title":["Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia"],"original-title":[],"language":"pt","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0040-1702958.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T22:38:36Z","timestamp":1625179116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0040-1702958"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1702958","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0102-3616","1982-4378"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0102-3616"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1982-4378"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,23]]}}}