{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T09:59:27Z","timestamp":1770285567867,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":102,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Lab Physicians"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\nBackground\u2003Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are one of the frequent nosocomial infections among hospitalized patients. To understand the local epidemiology and evolving antimicrobial drug resistance of blood-borne pathogens, we analyzed the distribution and antibiotic sensitivity profile of organisms causing BSI in our hospital-based study.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nMaterials and Methods\u2003We reviewed retrospective data of laboratory-confirmed BSIs, from January 2013 to December 2018. Causative organisms and their antibiotic susceptibility profile of primary and secondary BSI reports were determined from BacT\/Alert and Vitek systems findings (bioM\u00e9rieux). A 6-year multidrug resistance indexing was done to document the resistance pattern of the commonly isolated organisms.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nResults\u2003A total of 1,340 (10.2%) BSIs were reported from 13,091 blood cultures. Organisms were frequently isolated from the younger population (\u226420 years), especially from ages &lt; 1 year (20.8% of total BSIs). Majority of pathogens were bacterial (97.1%) whereas 2.9% were fungal in origin. Monomicrobial growth was recorded in over 98% of BSIs. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated were 518 (39.8%) and 783 (60.2%), respectively. Commonly isolated organisms were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (29.4%), Escherichia coli (19.8%), Klebsiella species (13.5%), Salmonella species (9.4%), and Staphylococcus aureus (7.5%). Multidrug-resistance index was observed highest in Acinetobacter species followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and S. aureus.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nConclusion\u2003Overall, there has been a gradual decline in the reporting of BSI. However, infections by gram-negative bacilli and multidrug-resistant organisms remain persistently high. Ages &lt; 20 years were the vulnerable group, with infants &lt; 1 year contributing to the maximum number of BSI cases caused by both bacteria and fungi. Therefore, additional methods are required to study the origin and causation of these infections, particularly among vulnerable patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1712814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T22:47:43Z","timestamp":1591915663000},"page":"03-09","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends among Pathogens Isolated from Blood: A 6-Year Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in East Sikkim, India"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2242-722X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsering","family":"Yangzom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Tadong, Sikkim, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6206-2731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dechen Chomu","family":"Tsering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Tadong, Sikkim, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumit","family":"Kar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Tadong, Sikkim, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jyotsna","family":"Kapil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Tadong, Sikkim, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1086\/520192","article-title":"Nosocomial bloodstream infections in United States hospitals: a three-year analysis","volume":"29","author":"M B Edmond","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"191","article-title":"Ten-year surveillance of nosocomial bloodstream infections: trends of aetiology and antimicrobial resistance in a comprehensive cancer centre","volume":"5","author":"R Passerini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ecancermedicalscience"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta18150","article-title":"Educational interventions for preventing vascular catheter bloodstream infections in critical care: evidence map, systematic review and economic evaluation","volume":"18","author":"G K Frampton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3016","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003016","article-title":"The increasing challenge of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. 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