{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T17:09:59Z","timestamp":1784740199554,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Federa\u00e7\u00e3o das Associa\u00e7\u00f5es de Ginecologia e Obstetr\u00edcia","issue":"09","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003To evaluate the role of clinical features and preoperative measurement of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), human epididymis protein (HE4), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) serum levels in women with benign and malignant non-epithelial ovarian tumors.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003One hundred and nineteen consecutive women with germ cell, sex cord-stromal, and ovarian leiomyomas were included in this study. The preoperative levels of biomarkers were measured, and then surgery and histopathological analysis were performed. Information about the treatment and disease recurrence were obtained from the medical files of patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Our sample included 71 women with germ cell tumors (64 benign and 7 malignant), 46 with sex cord-stromal tumors (32 benign and 14 malignant), and 2 with ovarian leiomyomas. Among benign germ cell tumors, 63 were mature teratomas, and, among malignant, four were immature teratomas. The most common tumors in the sex cord-stromal group were fibromas (benign) and granulosa cell tumor (malignant). The biomarker serum levels were not different among benign and malignant non-epithelial ovarian tumors. Fertility-sparing surgeries were performed in 5 (71.4%) women with malignant germ cell tumor. Eleven (78.6%) patients with malignant sex cord-stromal tumors were treated with fertility-sparing surgeries. Five women (71.4%) with germ cell tumors and only 1 (7.1%) with sex cord-stromal tumor were treated with chemotherapy. One woman with germ cell tumor recurred and died of the disease and one woman with sex cord-stromal tumor recurred.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Non-epithelial ovarian tumors were benign in the majority of cases, and the malignant cases were diagnosed at initial stages with good prognosis. The measurements of CA125, HE4, and CEA serum levels were not useful in the preoperative diagnosis of these tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1712993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]],"date-time":"2020-09-29T22:48:38Z","timestamp":1601419718000},"page":"555-561","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Preoperative Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Non-epithelial Ovarian Tumors: Clinical Features and Tumor Markers"],"prefix":"10.61622","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7952-7192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago Augusto","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8226-1105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth Aparecida","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. Jos\u00e9 Aristodemo Pinotti, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5982-0623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6035-452X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Otavio","family":"Sarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9529-4907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana Aparecida Lucci de Angelo","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1029-9993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Derchain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"47794","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000083","article-title":"Imaging of the adnexal mass","volume":"58","author":"D S Perera","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S42","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1994.1340","article-title":"Management of the adnexal mass","volume":"55","author":"J P Curtin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000082","article-title":"Pathology of the adnexal mass","volume":"58","author":"J A Bennett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Obstet 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