{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:49:18Z","timestamp":1788457758014,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"S 02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage (NAH) in newborn infants is a rare event that is associated with specific anatomical and vascular characteristics. It is more common in term infants and occurs more often in neonates who feature perinatal asphyxia. Symptoms that more frequently prompt to diagnosis are prolonged jaundice, detection of an abdominal mass, anemia, scrotal discoloration and\/or swelling, hypotonia, lethargy, and hypertension. However, NAH may also occur without symptoms with its detection being occasional. Imaging through ultrasound scans is the cornerstone of diagnosis and follow-up monitoring over time. Here we report on a small NAH case series comprising three full-term, macrosomic infants who were born by vaginal delivery. The first and second ones showed clear signs of birth asphyxia, whereas the third was completely asymptomatic. In all three patients, only the right adrenal gland was involved, in line with what happens in 70% of cases. NAH is usually self-limiting and prone to a progressive resolution in a time ranging between 3 weeks and 6 months and so did in our three patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Key Points<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1713407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T22:34:07Z","timestamp":1599604447000},"page":"S57-S60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Neonatal Adrenal Hemorrhage: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Tognato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Ceratto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"},{"name":"Postgraduate School of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Piazza, Polonia, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Enrico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"},{"name":"Postgraduate School of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Piazza, Polonia, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Fiorica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Spola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna","family":"Loperfido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Cimminelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Militello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad R.","family":"Eshraghy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Savino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Patologia e Cura del Bambino, S.S.D, Subintesiva Allargata della Prima Infanzia, Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita, A.U.O. Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Giuliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento Patologia e Cura del Bambino, S.S.D, Subintesiva Allargata della Prima Infanzia, Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita, A.U.O. Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Perona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Manzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Department of Maternal Medicine, Nuovo Ospedale degli Infermi, Ponderano, Biella, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"529","volume-title":"Birth injuries","author":"H H Mangurten","year":"2006"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.976550","article-title":"Adrenal haemorrhage in term neonates: a retrospective study from the period 2001-2013","volume":"28","author":"Z Gyurkovits","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-019-0651-9","article-title":"Adrenal hemorrhage in newborn: how, when and why- from case report to literature review","volume":"45","author":"M S Toti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ital J Pediatr"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.18621\/eurj.421168","article-title":"Adrenal hemorrhage in the neonatal intensive care unit: a four-year experience","volume":"5","author":"A Fedakar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2011.12.1.52","article-title":"Comparison of clinico-radiological features between congenital cystic neuroblastoma and neonatal adrenal hemorrhagic pseudocyst","volume":"12","author":"H Eo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1177\/000992280104001002","article-title":"Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage: clinical and abdominal sonographic findings","volume":"40","author":"S C Velaphi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-017-0248-3","article-title":"Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage presenting as \u201cAcute Scrotum\u201d-looking beyond the obvious: a sonographic insight","volume":"20","author":"S Bhatt","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ultrasound"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref8","first-page":"313","article-title":"Neonatal adrenal masses: do we have reliable criteria for differential diagnosis and expectant management?","volume":"64","author":"A Calisti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Minerva Pediatr"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref9","first-page":"62","article-title":"Assessment of diagnostic methods in adrenal gland hemorrhage in neonates on the basis of own material from the years 2007-2011","volume":"76","author":"G Postek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pol J Radiol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Perinatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0040-1713407.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T01:50:01Z","timestamp":1696643401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0040-1713407"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S 02","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1713407","relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-1631","1098-8785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-1631","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-8785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}}}