{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T22:15:00Z","timestamp":1787004900391,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wrist Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background\u2003The palmaris tendon inserts into the palmar fascia and is positioned in close association with the transverse carpal ligament. Loading of this tendon has been demonstrated to increase carpal tunnel pressures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Purpose\u2003The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between the palmaris tendon, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and handedness. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for Schaeffer's test were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods\u2003A retrospective review of patient charts undergoing endoscopic carpal tunnel release was performed. Rates of palmaris longus agenesis (PLA) were compared to a population matched data set. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-proportion z-test. Schaeffer's test for the palmaris longus tendon was performed on all patients and compared to intraoperative confirmation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results\u2003A total of 520 carpal tunnel releases were performed in 389 consecutive patients. The frequency of PLA in this surgical cohort was significantly lower compared to the population matched dataset. No correlation between handedness and laterality of CTS or PLA was found. Schaeffer's test was evaluated to yield sensitivity (93.6%), specificity (100%), positive predictive value (100%), and negative predictive value (50.8%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion\u2003The palmaris tendon was more prevalent in a population of patients undergoing carpal tunnel release. These findings can be used to provide further insight into the pathophysiology of CTS. While Schaeffer's test was accurate in detecting the palmaris longus tendon, a negative test was frequently incorrect. Further imaging is recommended in patients with a negative Schaeffer's test when the palmaris longus is desired for surgical utilization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Level of Evidence\u2003This is a Level III, prognostic study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1714251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]],"date-time":"2020-07-30T19:02:17Z","timestamp":1596135737000},"page":"493-497","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Palmaris Longus and Its Association with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9415-9471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Boltuch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Largo Medical Center, Largo, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Marcotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Treat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Largo Medical Center, Largo, Florida"},{"name":"Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Utica Park Clinic, Tulsa, Oklahoma"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony L.","family":"Marcotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Largo Medical Center, Largo, Florida"},{"name":"Department of Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Florida Orthopaedic Institute, Clearwater, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JHSB.2006.07.015","article-title":"The clinical significance of the palmaris longus tendon in the pathophysiology of carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"31","author":"G R Keese","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hand Surg [Br]"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","first-page":"8","article-title":"The clinical significance of the palmaris longus tendon and functional superficial flexor of the little finger in the pathophysiology of carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"22","author":"D Jafari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med J Islam Repub Iran"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"247","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome caused by an anomalous palmaris profundus tendon","volume":"187","author":"F Server","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","first-page":"202","article-title":"Hand dominance in carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"62","author":"L Reinstein","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2005.01099.x","article-title":"Sex differences in carpal tunnel syndrome: comparison of surgical and non-surgical populations","volume":"12","author":"M Mondelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1053\/jhsu.2002.34003","article-title":"Predictors of carpal tunnel syndrome: an 11-year study of industrial workers","volume":"27","author":"P A Nathan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200709000-00004","article-title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"15","author":"C S Cranford","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20952","article-title":"Work increases the incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome in the general population","volume":"37","author":"Y Roquelaure","year":"2008","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref9","first-page":"516","article-title":"[Metaanalysis for the evaluation of risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) Part II. 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