{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T13:19:07Z","timestamp":1676899147092},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","funder":[{"name":"NIH\/NIAMS","award":["R01 AR053684"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR053684"]}]},{"name":"NIH\/NIAMS","award":["R01 AR074131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR074131"]}]},{"name":"NIH\/NIAMS","award":["R01 AR075422-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR075422-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Knee Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Measuring outcomes following treatment of knee articular cartilage lesions is crucial to determine the natural history of disease and the efficacy of treatments. Outcome assessments for articular cartilage treatments can be clinical (based on failure, lack of healing, reoperation, need for arthroplasty), radiographic (X-ray, MRI), histologic, or patient reported and functional. The purpose of this review is to discuss the application and properties of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) with a focus on articular cartilage injuries and surgery in the knee. The most frequently used and validated PROs for knee articular cartilage studies include: the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis and Outcome Score, International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form, and Lysholm score as knee-specific measures; the Marx Activity Rating Scale and Tegner Activity Scale as activity measures; and EQ-5D and SF-36\/12 as generic quality-of-life measures. Incorporating these validated PROs in studies pertaining to knee articular cartilage lesions will allow researchers to fully capture clinically relevant outcomes that are most important to patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1716362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T22:50:12Z","timestamp":1599691812000},"page":"011-019","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Measuring Outcomes in Knee Articular Cartilage Pathology"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Sameer R.","family":"Oak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kurt P.","family":"Spindler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c186","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c186","article-title":"The routine use of patient reported outcome measures in healthcare settings","volume":"340","author":"J Dawson","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3182064aa2","article-title":"Use of patient-reported outcomes in randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials","volume":"49","author":"M A Dinan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318268aaff","article-title":"The use of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) within comparative effectiveness research: implications for clinical practice and health care policy","volume":"50","author":"S Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f167","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f167","article-title":"Patient reported outcome measures could help transform healthcare","volume":"346","author":"N Black","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"S 11","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S208","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20632","article-title":"Measures of knee function: International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Form, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS), Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADL), Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Activity Rating Scale (ARS), and Tegner Activity Score (TAS)","volume":"63","author":"N J Collins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1268691","article-title":"Patient-reported outcome measures for the knee","volume":"23","author":"D Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603510391084","article-title":"ICRS recommendation document: patient-reported outcome instruments for use in patients with articular cartilage defects","volume":"2","author":"E M Roos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1333308","article-title":"Clinical outcomes assessment for articular cartilage restoration","volume":"26","author":"K Mithoefer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.02.006","article-title":"The COSMIN study reached international consensus on taxonomy, terminology, and definitions of measurement properties for health-related patient-reported outcomes","volume":"63","author":"L B Mokkink","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00206-1","article-title":"Methods for assessing responsiveness: a critical review and recommendations","volume":"53","author":"J A Husted","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.28.2.88","article-title":"Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS)\u2014development of a self-administered outcome measure","volume":"28","author":"E M Roos","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-1-64","article-title":"The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS): from joint injury to osteoarthritis","volume":"1","author":"E M Roos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"S 11","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S208","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20632","article-title":"Measures of knee function: International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Form, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS), Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADL), Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Activity Rating Scale (ARS), and Tegner Activity Score (TAS)","volume":"63","author":"N J Collins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512457646","article-title":"Validation of the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score subscales for patients with articular cartilage lesions of the knee","volume":"40","author":"L Engelhart","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2009.04.019","article-title":"Validation of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) for the treatment of focal cartilage lesions","volume":"17","author":"J EJ Bekkers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2290-1","article-title":"Reliability, validity and responsiveness of the Spanish version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) in patients with chondral lesion of the knee","volume":"22","author":"J Vaquero","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2791","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513502314","article-title":"A comparison of the responsiveness of 4 commonly used patient-reported outcome instruments at 5 years after matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation","volume":"41","author":"J R Ebert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518756976","article-title":"Matrix-applied characterized autologous cultured chondrocytes versus microfracture: five-year follow-up of a prospective randomized trial","volume":"46","author":"M Brittberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00533","article-title":"NeoCart, an autologous cartilage tissue implant, compared with microfracture for treatment of distal femoral cartilage lesions: an FDA phase-II prospective, randomized clinical trial after two years","volume":"94","author":"D C Crawford","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.26603\/ijspt20200001","article-title":"Post-operative sport participation and satisfaction with return to activity after matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation in the knee","volume":"15","author":"J R Ebert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967119885873","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119885873","article-title":"Association between isokinetic knee strength and perceived function and patient satisfaction with sports and recreational ability after matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation","volume":"7","author":"J R Ebert","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967119868212","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119868212","article-title":"Collagen-covered autologous chondrocyte implantation versus autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis: a randomized trial comparing 2 methods for repair of cartilage defects of the knee","volume":"7","author":"V Fossum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2846","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516656179","article-title":"One-stage cartilage repair using a hyaluronic acid-based scaffold with activated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells compared with microfracture: five-year follow-up","volume":"44","author":"A Gobbi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519845362","article-title":"Long-term clinical outcomes of one-stage cartilage repair in the knee with hyaluronic acid-based scaffold embedded with mesenchymal stem cells sourced from bone marrow aspirate concentrate","volume":"47","author":"A Gobbi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reth.2019.06.002","article-title":"Transplantation of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells under arthroscopic surgery with microfracture versus microfracture alone for articular cartilage lesions in the knee: a multicenter prospective randomized control clinical trial","volume":"11","author":"Y Hashimoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Regen Ther"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-013-2493-0","article-title":"Autologous osteochondral mosaicplasty or TruFit plugs for cartilage repair","volume":"22","author":"P Hindle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967119841077","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119841077","article-title":"Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation is an effective treatment at midterm follow-up in adolescents and young adults","volume":"7","author":"A Hoburg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.11.110","article-title":"Microfractures versus a porcine-derived collagen-augmented chondrogenesis technique for treating knee cartilage defects: a multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"M S Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1845","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517691942","article-title":"Collagen augmentation improves the quality of cartilage repair after microfracture in patients undergoing high tibial osteotomy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"45","author":"M S Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517701912","article-title":"Microfracture versus autologous chondrocyte implantation for articular cartilage lesions in the knee: a systematic review of 5-year outcomes","volume":"46","author":"M J Kraeutler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R33","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2638","article-title":"Treatment of focal degenerative cartilage defects with polymer-based autologous chondrocyte grafts: four-year clinical results","volume":"11","author":"P C Kreuz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967119854442","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119854442","article-title":"A prospective, randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase iii noninferiority trial to compare the clinical efficacy of matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation with spheroid technology versus arthroscopic microfracture for cartilage defects of the knee","volume":"7","author":"P Niemeyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2006.11.009","article-title":"MRI and clinical evaluation of collagen-covered autologous chondrocyte implantation (CACI) at two years","volume":"14","author":"W B Robertson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546520912444","article-title":"Single-stage autologous chondrocyte-based treatment for the repair of knee cartilage lesions: two-year follow-up of a prospective single-arm multicenter study","volume":"48","author":"K S\u0142ynarski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-2843-6","article-title":"Microfracture technique versus osteochondral autologous transplantation mosaicplasty in patients with articular chondral lesions of the knee: a prospective randomized trial with long-term follow-up","volume":"22","author":"S Ulstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2566","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511422220","article-title":"Five-year outcome of characterized chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture for symptomatic cartilage defects of the knee: early treatment matters","volume":"39","author":"J Vanlauwe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508322897","article-title":"A prospective study of autologous chondrocyte implantation in patients with failed prior treatment for articular cartilage defect of the knee: results of the Study of the Treatment of Articular Repair (STAR) clinical trial","volume":"37","author":"K Zaslav","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514528093","article-title":"Matrix-applied characterized autologous cultured chondrocytes versus microfracture: two-year follow-up of a prospective randomized trial","volume":"42","author":"D Saris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465010290051301","article-title":"Development and validation of the international knee documentation committee subjective knee form","volume":"29","author":"J J Irrgang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509354163","article-title":"Responsiveness of the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form in comparison to the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, modified Cincinnati Knee Rating System, and Short Form 36 in patients with focal articular cartilage defects","volume":"38","author":"N J Greco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518808030","article-title":"Clinically meaningful improvement after treatment of cartilage defects of the knee with osteochondral grafts","volume":"47","author":"D Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508317718","article-title":"IKDC or KOOS? Which measures symptoms and disabilities most important to postoperative articular cartilage repair patients?","volume":"36","author":"K Hambly","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603512470684","article-title":"Comparing responsiveness of six common patient-reported outcomes to changes following autologous chondrocyte implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"4","author":"J S Howard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519865497","article-title":"A case series of successful repair of articular cartilage fragments in the knee","volume":"47","author":"J L Churchill","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506288853","article-title":"Patellofemoral full-thickness chondral defects treated with Hyalograft-C: a clinical, arthroscopic, and histologic review","volume":"34","author":"A Gobbi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-004-0499-3","article-title":"Treatment of full thickness chondral lesions of the knee with microfracture in a group of athletes","volume":"13","author":"A Gobbi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2012.07.007","article-title":"A comparison of patient-reported outcomes and arthroscopic findings between drilling and autologous osteochondral grafting for the treatment of articular cartilage defects combined with anterior cruciate ligament injury","volume":"20","author":"S Imade","year":"2013","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00815","article-title":"Activity levels are higher after osteochondral autograft transfer mosaicplasty than after microfracture for articular cartilage defects of the knee: a retrospective comparative study","volume":"94","author":"A J Krych","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509332258","article-title":"Outcomes of autologous chondrocyte implantation in a diverse patient population","volume":"37","author":"A G McNickle","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513507768","article-title":"Clinical outcomes after cell-seeded autologous chondrocyte implantation of the knee: when can success or failure be predicted?","volume":"42","author":"J M Pestka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511423369","article-title":"A prospective multicenter study on the outcome of type I collagen hydrogel-based autologous chondrocyte implantation (CaReS) for the repair of articular cartilage defects in the knee","volume":"39","author":"U Schneider","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.01418","article-title":"Clinical and MRI outcomes of fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation after failed cartilage repair surgery in the knee","volume":"100","author":"T Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509351499","article-title":"Autologous chondrocyte implantation using the original periosteum-cover technique versus matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"38","author":"F Zeifang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658201000306","article-title":"Evaluation of knee ligament surgery results with special emphasis on use of a scoring scale","volume":"10","author":"J Lysholm","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"198","key":"ref55","first-page":"43","article-title":"Rating systems in the evaluation of knee ligament injuries","author":"Y Tegner","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508330143","article-title":"The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Lysholm score and Tegner activity scale for anterior cruciate ligament injuries of the knee: 25 years later","volume":"37","author":"K K Briggs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref57","first-page":"698","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Lysholm knee score and Tegner activity scale for patients with meniscal injury of the knee","volume":"88","author":"K K Briggs","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200406000-00004","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Lysholm knee scale for various chondral disorders of the knee","volume":"86","author":"M S Kocher","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2008.05.002","article-title":"Modification and validation of the Lysholm Knee Scale to assess articular cartilage damage","volume":"17","author":"H J Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967118788280","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118788280","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging parameters at 1 year correlate with clinical outcomes up to 17 years after autologous chondrocyte implantation","volume":"6","author":"H S McCarthy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200710000-00002","article-title":"A randomized trial comparing autologous chondrocyte implantation with microfracture. Findings at five years","volume":"89","author":"G Knutsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515589167","article-title":"Cartilage restoration of the knee: a systematic review and meta-analysis of level 1 studies","volume":"44","author":"R Mundi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517745281","article-title":"Randomized study of long-term (15-17 years) outcome after microfracture versus mosaicplasty in knee articular cartilage defects","volume":"46","author":"E Solheim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2003.50112","article-title":"Outcomes of microfracture for traumatic chondral defects of the knee: average 11-year follow-up","volume":"19","author":"J R Steadman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-019-05621-0","article-title":"Micro-fragmented stromal-vascular fraction plus microfractures provides better clinical results than microfractures alone in symptomatic focal chondral lesions of the knee","volume":"28","author":"S Bisicchia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2008.02.012","article-title":"Efficacy of Hylan G-F 20 and sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee\u2014a prospective randomized clinical trial","volume":"15","author":"R Raman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.01208","article-title":"A randomized multicenter trial comparing autologous chondrocyte implantation with microfracture: long-term follow-up at 14 to 15 years","volume":"98","author":"G Knutsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iii40","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.079798","article-title":"Minimal clinically important improvement\/difference (MCII\/MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS): what do these concepts mean?","volume":"66","author":"T K Kvien","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2820","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516652888","article-title":"Defining Thresholds for the Patient Acceptable Symptom State for the IKDC Subjective Knee Form and KOOS for Patients Who Underwent ACL Reconstruction","volume":"44","author":"B Muller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"05","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519831008","article-title":"Prospective Evaluation of the Patient Acceptable Symptom State to Identify Clinically Successful Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction","volume":"47","author":"J F Vega","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546520903279","article-title":"Defining the Minimal Clinically Important Difference and Patient Acceptable Symptom State for Microfracture of the Knee: A Psychometric Analysis at Short-term Follow-up","volume":"48","author":"J Chahla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"02","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465010290021601","article-title":"Development and evaluation of an activity rating scale for disorders of the knee","volume":"29","author":"R G Marx","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-010-1301-3","article-title":"The use of the Tegner activity scale for articular cartilage repair of the knee: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"K Hambly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.05.014","article-title":"Using patient-reported outcomes for economic evaluation: getting the timing right","volume":"19","author":"C Schilling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890109002087","article-title":"EQ-5D: a measure of health status from the EuroQol Group","volume":"33","author":"R Rabin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200503000-00003","article-title":"US valuation of the EQ-5D health states: development and testing of the D1 valuation model","volume":"43","author":"J W Shaw","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199303000-00006","article-title":"The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): II. Psychometric and clinical tests of validity in measuring physical and mental health constructs","volume":"31","author":"C A McHorney","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","article-title":"The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection","volume":"30","author":"J EJ Ware Jr","year":"1992","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199603000-00003","article-title":"A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity","volume":"34","author":"J Ware Jr","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"S 11","key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S383","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20541","article-title":"Adult measures of general health and health-related quality of life: Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-Item (SF-36) and Short Form 12-Item (SF-12) Health Surveys, Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 6D (SF-6D), Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3), Quality of Well-Being Scale (QWB), and Assessment of Quality of Life (AQoL)","volume":"63","author":"L Busija","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-008-9418-2","article-title":"Updated U.S. population standard for the Veterans RAND 12-item Health Survey (VR-12)","volume":"18","author":"A J Selim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4730020305","article-title":"The rand 36-item health survey 1.0","volume":"2","author":"R D Hays","year":"1993","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"issue":"S 39","key":"ref84","first-page":"S53","article-title":"The promise of PROMIS: using item response theory to improve assessment of patient-reported outcomes","volume":"23","author":"J F Fries","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.08.043","article-title":"Preoperative validation of the patient-reported outcomes measurement information system in patients with articular cartilage defects of the knee","volume":"36","author":"A G Shamrock","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325967118774509","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118774509","article-title":"Performance of the PROMIS in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","volume":"6","author":"E J Scott","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Knee Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0040-1716362.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]],"date-time":"2021-01-03T23:33:57Z","timestamp":1609716837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0040-1716362"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1716362","relation":{},"ISSN":["1538-8506","1938-2480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1538-8506","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]]}}}