{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T01:07:21Z","timestamp":1785546441373,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Academy of Audiology","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["j am acad audiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\u2003Hearing loss can have an effect on the physical, psychosocial, and cognitive wellbeing of an individual. Despite the research on attitudes and stigma associated with hearing loss, people with hearing loss (PHL) continue to delay seeking help.\n Thus, it is vital to look at alternative theories which have been successfully used in disability research to better understand how PHL perceive hearing loss. <jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>\u2003The aim of the current exploratory study was to examine the social representation (SR) of \u201chearing loss\u201d\n in PHL in India, Republic of Korea (ROK), United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US). <jats:bold>Research Design<\/jats:bold>\u2003The study used a cross-sectional survey design. <jats:bold>Study Sample<\/jats:bold>\u2003In this study, 424 participants were recruited using a consecutive sampling method in four\n countries (India, Republic of Korea, United Kingdom, and United States). <jats:bold>Data Collection and Analysis<\/jats:bold>\u2003Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using content analysis, similarities analysis, prototypical analysis, and chi-square analysis. <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2003The\n free associations of the PHL were grouped into 37 categories. The most commonly reported categories were <jats:italic>communication difficulties, negative mental state, aging, assessment and management, causes of hearing loss, hearing ability or disability, hearing instruments,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>symptoms of\n hearing loss<\/jats:italic>. Similarities analysis and prototypical analysis highlighted two main negative categories (<jats:italic>negative mental state and communication difficulties<\/jats:italic>) which form the central elements of SR of hearing loss. PHL associated hearing loss mainly as a negative phenomenon, but with\n some positive and neutral aspects. Respondents from ROK reported a greater number of neutral associations compared with other countries. There were cross-cultural similarities and differences in terms of PHL's SR of hearing loss, but there were more similarities than differences. <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\u2003The\n study provides an insight into how PHL collectively view their \u201chearing loss\u201d and helps to develop our understanding of the influence of culture on the SR of \u201chearing loss.\u201d The results will aid the development of culturally appropriate public education campaigns, marketing\n material, and appropriate rehabilitation for PHL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1719127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T23:56:53Z","timestamp":1608076613000},"page":"725-739","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Social Representation of \u201cHearing Loss\u201d Among People with Hearing Loss: An Exploratory Cross-Cultural Study"],"prefix":"10.3766","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Srikanth","family":"Chundu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinaya","family":"Manchaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology India, Mysore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woojae","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Speech Pathology and Audiology, College of Natural Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spoorthi","family":"Thammaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology India, Mysore, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Ratinaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LERASS Laboratory, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2087","reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Psychological profile and social behaviour of working adults with mild or moderate hearing loss","volume":"28","author":"D Monzani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.1868","article-title":"Hearing loss and cognitive decline in older adults","volume":"173","author":"F R Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"S 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