{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:55:06Z","timestamp":1787500506872,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Objective\u2003The aim of this study was to determine the trochlear sulcus depth of three common brachycephalic breeds at risk of medial patellar luxation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Study Design\u2003Retrospective blinded clinical study using a previously validated ratio (T\/P) of maximal trochlear sulcus depth (T) and maximal patellar craniocaudal thickness (P) measured on computed tomography, to assess trochlear sulcus depth in Pugs, French Bulldogs and English Bulldogs without clinical patellar luxation. The effect of breed on T\/P was assessed using one-way linear regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results\u2003The mean T\/P was affected by breed (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There was significant difference between Pugs (0.45) and French Bulldogs (0.38) and between Pugs and English Bulldogs (0.4). There was no significant difference between Pugs and previously published data for non-brachycephalic and mixed breed dogs (0.46) (p\u2009=\u20090.39). Mean T\/P was significantly reduced in the brachycephalic dog breeds combined compared with the previously published data (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion\u2003The trochlear sulcus varies by breed and was more shallow in French and English Bulldogs than Pugs, hence a shallow sulcus may be a breed-driven characteristic. The three breeds assessed are at risk of patellar luxation but sulcus depth did not directly correlate with previously published risk factors\u2014the contribution of sulcus depth to the aetiopathogenesis of patellar luxation remains unclear. Trochlear recession to achieve patellar coverage of 50% may be excessive considering maximal breed normal depth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1719165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T19:27:32Z","timestamp":1606418852000},"page":"124-129","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Computed Tomographic Measurement of Trochlear Depth in Three Breeds of Brachycephalic Dog"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4801-145X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Matchwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Bunstead Barns, Poles Ln, Hursley, Winchester, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janis P.","family":"Bridges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Mielke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Pead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8972-7067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard L.","family":"Meeson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40575-016-0034-0","article-title":"The epidemiology of patellar luxation in dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England","volume":"3","author":"D G O'Neill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Canine Genet Epidemiol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(93)50087-6","article-title":"Canine patellar luxation","volume":"23","author":"J K Roush","year":"1993","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Brinker, Piermattei, and Flo's Handbook of Small Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair","author":"C E DeCamp","year":"2016","edition":"5th edition."},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"Patellar Luxation in Dogs [Masters Thesis]","author":"R W Putman","year":"1968"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"Patellar luxation in dogs","author":"L J Hayeshi","year":"2010","edition":"3rd edition."},{"issue":"06","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2006.00189.x","article-title":"Complications associated with corrective surgery for patellar luxation in 109 dogs","volume":"35","author":"G I Arthurs","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2006.00004.x","article-title":"Patellar luxation in 70 large breed dogs","volume":"47","author":"S E Gibbons","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-13-08-0100","article-title":"Major complications and risk factors associated with surgical correction of congenital medial patellar luxation in 124 dogs","volume":"27","author":"R G Cashmore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(93)50088-8","article-title":"Trochlear wedge recession for medial patellar luxation. 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