{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T18:04:46Z","timestamp":1763748286837},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,30]],"date-time":"2020-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Lab Physicians"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\nIntroduction Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi and paratyphi, is a generalized infection with case fatality of about 10%. The symptoms may be severe, with life threatening sequelae of infection in a proportion of cases. Antimicrobial agents are the mainstay of therapy in enteric fever so as to prevent the complications associated with severe illness and mortality in the patients. Fluoroquinolones (e.g., cipro\ufb02oxacin) are very effective against completely susceptible Salmonella bacteria. However, their ef\ufb01cacy is doubtful once any resistance is detected. Pe\ufb02oxacin testing has ultimately helped in the accurate identi\ufb01cation of quinolone susceptibility for a better therapeutic success rate. In the present study we have tried to evaluate the quinolone susceptibility in Salmonella isolates based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nMaterials and Methods\u2003The method used in the study is quinolone susceptibility in Salmonella isolates based on MIC determination. Salmonella isolates show intermediate susceptibility to ciprofloxacin using disk diffusion. Both ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin MIC evaluation has been done to corroborate the results with pefloxacin disk diffusion testing.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nResults There was a positive correlation between the susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin. However, the isolates with intermediate susceptibility had variations in terms of susceptibility to pefloxacin. MIC values for pefloxacin and our findings suggested that pefloxacin susceptible on disk diffusion as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines showed lower values for MIC using Pefloxacin HICOMB test and pefloxacin resistant isolates showed higher MIC values.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1721163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,30]],"date-time":"2020-12-30T23:37:32Z","timestamp":1609371452000},"page":"263-267","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Quinolone Susceptibility in Salmonella Isolates Based on Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Determination"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Varsha","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kritika","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alisha","family":"Bhagat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anku","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jagdish","family":"Chander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"85","article-title":"Fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella: mechanisms, fitness, and virulence","volume":"6","author":"J Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intechopen."},{"issue":"06","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"FSO312","DOI":"10.4155\/fsoa-2018-0003","article-title":"Typhoid fever: issues in laboratory detection, treatment options & concerns in management in developing countries","volume":"4","author":"B Veeraraghavan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Future Sci OA"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869458","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/2869458","article-title":"Enteric fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovars with reduced susceptibility of fluoroquinolones at a community based teaching hospital of Nepal","volume":"2017","author":"A Bhetwal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Microbiol"},{"key":"ref4","volume-title":"Laboratory strategy in the diagnosis of infective syndromes","author":"J G Colle","year":"2006","edition":"14th ed"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0706.010613","article-title":"Reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Salmonella enterica serotypes in travelers returning from Southeast Asia","volume":"7","author":"A Hakanen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.1124451","article-title":"Pefloxacin as a Surrogate Marker for Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Salmonella Study from North India","author":"V Gupta","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Testing","author":"CLSI","year":"2015"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.129804","article-title":"Revised ciprofloxacin breakpoints for Salmonella typhi: its implications in India","volume":"32","author":"V Balaji","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1163","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001163","article-title":"The influence of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in Salmonella enterica serovar typhi on the clinical response to ofloxacin therapy","volume":"5","author":"C M Parry","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref10","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref11","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2012"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702007000400011","article-title":"Salmonella enterica serovar typhi: molecular analysis of strains with decreased susceptibility and resistant to ciprofloxacin in India from 2001-2003","volume":"11","author":"M R Capoor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref13","first-page":"884","article-title":"Pitfalls of interpreting ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentrations in Salmonella enterica serovar typhi","volume":"136","author":"S Khan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref14","first-page":"687","article-title":"Pefloxacin as a surrogate marker for quinolone susceptibility in Salmonella enterica serovars typhi & paratyphi A in India","volume":"145","author":"P Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3411","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01287-15","article-title":"Development of a pefloxacin disk diffusion method for detection of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica","volume":"53","author":"R Skov","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3405","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01393-15","article-title":"Evaluation of surrogate disk tests for detection of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistance in clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica","volume":"53","author":"E Deak","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref17","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Journal of Laboratory Physicians"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0040-1721163.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,24]],"date-time":"2023-12-24T08:17:01Z","timestamp":1703405821000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jlabphy.org\/quinolone-susceptibility-in-salmonella-isolates-based-on-minimum-inhibitory-concentration-determination\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1721163","relation":{},"ISSN":["0974-2727","0974-7826"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0974-2727","type":"print"},{"value":"0974-7826","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}}}