{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:07:23Z","timestamp":1789139243625,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Objective\u2003The study aimed to evaluate the effects of inhaled iloprost on oxygenation indices in neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Study Design\u2003We conducted a retrospective chart review of 30 patients with PPHN from January 2014 to November 2018, who did not respond to inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) alone and received inhaled iloprost. Twenty-two patients met the inclusion criteria and eight patients were excluded from the study (complex cardiac disease and extreme prematurity). Patients were categorized as responders or nonresponders (patients who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or died). Oxygenation index, mean airway pressure (MAP), and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) were recorded.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results\u2003Among a total of 22 patients who were included in the study, 10 were classified as nonresponders as they required either extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or died. Gestational age and gender did not differ between responders and nonresponders. The median PaO2 was lower (37 vs. 42\u2009mm Hg; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and median MAP was higher (20 vs. 17\u2009cm H2O; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.02) in nonresponders compared with responders just prior to initiating iloprost. Iloprost responders had a significant increase in median PaO2 and decrease in median oxygenation index in the 24\u2009hours after initiating treatment (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with no significant change in required mean airway pressure over that same period. There was no change in vasopressor use or clinically significant worsening of platelets count, liver, and kidney functions after initiating iloprost.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion\u2003Inhaled iloprost is well tolerated and seems to have beneficial effects in improving oxygenation indices in neonates with PPHN who do not respond to iNO. There is a need of well-designed prospective trials to further ascertain the benefits of using inhaled iloprost as an adjunct treatment in neonates with PPHN who do not respond to iNO alone.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Key Points\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1722653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T23:42:07Z","timestamp":1611272527000},"page":"1441-1448","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effects of Inhaled Iloprost for the Management of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5584-7773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sourabh","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishi","family":"Lumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadaf H.","family":"Kazmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle J.","family":"Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shrawani Soorneela","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean M.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradeep V.","family":"Mally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara M.","family":"Randis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.11.065","article-title":"Early inhaled nitric oxide therapy for term and near-term newborn infants with hypoxic respiratory failure: neurodevelopmental follow-up","volume":"150","author":"G G Konduri","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2015-0210","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and factors associated with term and late preterm infants that do not respond to inhaled nitric oxide (iNO)","volume":"44","author":"A A Morel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199702273360901","article-title":"Inhaled nitric oxide in full-term and nearly 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Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Matern Health Neonatol Perinatol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref19","first-page":"H1849","article-title":"Inhaled nitric oxide inhibits NOS activity in lambs: potential mechanism for rebound pulmonary hypertension","volume":"277","author":"S M Black","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1083","article-title":"Changes in arterial oxygen tension when weaning neonates from inhaled nitric oxide","volume":"32","author":"G M Sokol","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"S 06","key":"ref21","first-page":"S89","article-title":"Iloprost inhalation for the treatment of severe persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, experience at QSNICH","volume":"97","author":"U Chotigeat","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Med Assoc 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Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1348949","article-title":"Inhaled iloprost in preterm infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary hypertension","volume":"31","author":"O Yilmaz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-984370","article-title":"Aerosolized iloprost in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in extremely preterm infants: a pilot study","volume":"220","author":"F Eifinger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Klin Padiatr"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-012-0575-2","article-title":"Inhaled iloprost as a rescue therapy for transposition of the great arteries with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn","volume":"34","author":"A Avila-Alvarez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.2012.0070","article-title":"Comparison of inhaled nitric oxide and aerosolized iloprost in pulmonary hypertension in children with congenital heart surgery","volume":"19","author":"A Kirbas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cardiol J"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2013.83","article-title":"Impact of early surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide therapies on outcomes in term\/late preterm neonates with moderate hypoxic respiratory failure","volume":"33","author":"G G Konduri","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560903164228","article-title":"Inhalative iloprost - pharmacology and clinical application","volume":"10","author":"R Ewert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref34","first-page":"325","article-title":"Review of inhaled iloprost for the control of pulmonary artery hypertension in children","volume":"5","author":"C Tissot","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"}],"container-title":["American Journal of 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