{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T11:48:04Z","timestamp":1768823284185,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":40,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TH Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recognition of the adverse events of inferior vena cava filters (VCFs) has prompted the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to issue safety warnings (2010 and 2014), advocating for removal, once the risk of pulmonary embolism has abated. Despite an initial increase in retrieval rates, these remain low (25\u201330% at 1 year in 2014). We retrospectively investigated retrieval trends in adults with VCFs placed between 2015 and 2018 at a single institution. The rate of retrievable VCF removal accounting for the competing risk of death was the main outcome. There were 494 VCFs placed (305 retrievable). The cumulative incidence of retrieval remained low (21% at 1 year), even after the second FDA warning (2014). Patients who resumed anticoagulation (AC) at any time were more likely to have retrieval (hazard ratio [HR]\u2009=\u20093.6, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and had higher retrieval rates at every time point (31.4 vs. 7.6% at 1 year). Advanced age (HR\u2009=\u20090.98 per year, p\u2009=\u20090.004), stroke (HR\u2009=\u20090.28, p\u2009=\u20090.028), and active malignancy (HR\u2009=\u20090.42, p\u2009=\u20090.006) predicted nonretrieval. Device-related complications were infrequent (&lt;1%) but thrombotic complications occurred early and were more common for nonretrieved VCFs (17 vs. 12%, p\u2009=\u20090.29). Revision of guidelines to recommend active surveillance for the ability to tolerate AC in the immediate postimplantation period may improve retrieval rates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1722707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T00:16:34Z","timestamp":1613002594000},"page":"e73-e80","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval Trends: A Single-Center Experience"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"05","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3097-8985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filip","family":"Ionescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nwabundo","family":"Anusim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beaumont Health Research Institute, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LeAnn M.","family":"Blankenship","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ishmael","family":"Jaiyesimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beaumont Health System, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2013.11.003","article-title":"Vena cava filters in unstable elderly patients with acute pulmonary embolism","volume":"127","author":"P D Stein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.01.058","article-title":"Survival effects of inferior vena cava filter in patients with acute symptomatic venous thromboembolism and a significant bleeding risk","volume":"63","author":"A Muriel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.020338","article-title":"Outcomes after vena cava filter use in noncancer patients with acute venous thromboembolism: a population-based study","volume":"133","author":"R H White","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2016.3091","article-title":"Association between inferior vena cava filter insertion in trauma patients and in-hospital and overall mortality","volume":"152","author":"S Sarosiek","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e180452","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.0452","article-title":"Association of inferior vena cava filter placement for venous thromboembolic disease and a contraindication to anticoagulation with 30-day mortality","volume":"1","author":"T E Turner","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199802123380701","article-title":"A clinical trial of vena caval filters in the prevention of pulmonary embolism in patients with proximal deep-vein thrombosis. 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Winters","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"x","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.004213","article-title":"Impact of surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation on the progression of tricuspid regurgitation and right-sided heart remodeling after mitral-valve surgery: a propensity-score matching analysis","volume":"5","author":"J Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2011.11.033","article-title":"Vena cava filter practices of a regional vascular surgery society","volume":"26","author":"M L Friedell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3907","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-020-02524-4","article-title":"Changes in inferior vena cava filter placement and retrieval practice patterns from a population health 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rates: impact of a dedicated inferior vena cava filter clinic","volume":"21","author":"J Minocha","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref36","first-page":"1507","article-title":"A method for following patients with retrievable inferior vena cava filters: results and lessons learned from the first 1,100 patients","volume":"22","author":"F C Lynch","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2014.11.030","article-title":"Improving inferior vena cava filter retrieval rates with the define, measure, analyze, improve, control methodology","volume":"26","author":"P D Sutphin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-019-02373-9","article-title":"Stratification of pre-procedure risk factors associated with difficult-to-remove inferior vena cava (IVC) filters: a 6-year retrospective analysis at a tertiary center","volume":"43","author":"W Clements","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5766-7","article-title":"An analysis of factors associated with increased fluoroscopy time or the need for complex techniques at IVC filter retrieval","volume":"29","author":"M Kleedehn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref40","first-page":"196","article-title":"Incidence of thrombotic events and complications associated to inferior vena cava filters in patients with and without anticoagulation therapy","volume":"89","author":"C A Hinojosa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Cardiol Mex"}],"container-title":["TH 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